由稀疏准星图唯一最大化、由准完全图唯一最小化的函数
Functions that are uniquely maximized by sparse quasi-star graphs, and uniquely minimized by quasi-complete graphs
AI总结:
本文证明在边数不超过顶点数减一的图中,一类凸函数在度序列上的和由准星图唯一最大化;对偶地,一类凹函数在任意图的度序列上的和由准完全图唯一最小化,推广了已有极值图论结果。
摘要:
我们证明,对于某一类凸函数 $f$,包括指数函数 $x\mapsto e^{λx}$(其中 $λ>0$ 为实数)以及所有幂函数 $x\mapsto x^β$($x\geq 0$,$β\geq 2$ 为实数),除一个唯一的小例外之外,若 $(d_1,\ldots,d_n)$ 遍历具有 $n$ 个顶点和 $m$ 条边且 $m\leq n-1$ 的图的度序列,则 $\sum_i f(d_i)$ 的最大值由准星图的度序列唯一取得,准星图即由一个星图加上可能的孤立顶点组成的图。这一结果显著推广了 [D.~Ismailescu, D.~Stefanica, Minimizer graphs for a class of extremal problems, J.~Graph Theory,~39~(4)~(2002)] 中的类似结果。对偶地,我们证明,对于某一类凹函数 $g$,包括负指数函数 $x\mapsto 1-e^{-λx}$(其中 $λ>\ln(2)$ 为实数)、所有幂函数 $x\mapsto x^α$($x\geq 0$,$0<α\leq \frac{1}{2}$ 为实数)以及函数 $x\mapsto \frac{x}{x+1}$($x\geq 0$),若 $(d_1,\ldots,d_n)$ 遍历具有 $n$ 个顶点和 $m$ 条边的图的度序列,则 $\sum_i g(d_i)$ 的最小值由准完全图的度序列唯一取得,准完全图即由一个完全图加上一个额外顶点(该顶点与完全图中的部分而非全部顶点相连)以及可能的孤立顶点组成的图。这一结果推广了同一篇论文中的类似结果。
英文摘要:
We show that for a certain class of convex functions $f$, including the exponential functions $x\mapsto e^{λx}$ with $λ>0$ a real number, and all the powers $x\mapsto x^β$, $x\geq 0$ and $β\geq 2$ a real number, with a unique small exception, if $(d_1,\ldots,d_n)$ ranges over the degree sequences of graphs with $n$ vertices and $m$ edges and $m\leq n-1$, then the maximum of $\sum_i f(d_i)$ is uniquely attained by the degree sequence of a quasi-star graph, namely, a graph consisting of a star plus possibly additional isolated vertices. This result significantly extends a similar result in [D.~Ismailescu, D.~Stefanica, Minimizer graphs for a class of extremal problems, J.~Graph Theory,~39~(4)~(2002)]. Dually, we show that for a certain class of concave functions $g$, including the negative exponential functions $x\mapsto 1-e^{-λx}$ with $λ>\ln(2)$ a real number, all the powers $x\mapsto x^α$, $x\geq 0$ and $0<α\leq \frac{1}{2}$ a real number, and the function $x\mapsto \frac{x}{x+1}$ for $x\geq 0$, if $(d_1,\ldots,d_n)$ ranges over the degree sequences of graphs with $n$ vertices and $m$ edges, then the minimum of $\sum_i g(d_i)$ is uniquely attained by the degree sequence of a quasi-complete graph, i.e., a graph consisting of a complete graph plus possibly an additional vertex connected to some but not all vertices of the complete graph, plus possibly isolated vertices. This result extends a similar result in the same paper.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。