启发与对比叙事对包含数据可视化的新闻文章的参与度、回忆和态度改变的影响
The Impact of Elicitation and Contrasting Narratives on Engagement, Recall and Attitude Change with News Articles Containing Data Visualization
AI总结：
本文通过两项实验研究视觉启发与对比叙事对数据新闻参与度、回忆和态度改变的影响，发现二者可提升惊讶等参与度，但未显著改变态度，对比叙事还增加了回忆误差。
摘要：
包含数据可视化的新闻文章在向公众通报从公共卫生到政治等各种问题方面发挥着重要作用。最近关于数据可视化说服吸引力的研究表明，先前的态度可能极难改变。受一篇《纽约时报》（NYT）文章启发，我们设计了两个实验，以评估启发和对比叙事对态度改变、回忆和参与度的影响。我们假设，启发先前的信念会引发更多精细化思考，最终带来更高的态度改变、更好的回忆和参与度。研究结果显示，视觉启发在惊讶感方面带来了更高的参与度。尽管所有实验条件下都出现了总体态度改变，但我们没有观察到信念启发对态度改变有显著影响。关于回忆误差，虽然参与绘制趋势启发的参与者比参与分类趋势条件的参与者表现出显著更低的回忆误差，但在将启发条件与无启发条件进行比较时，我们发现回忆误差没有显著差异。在后续研究中，我们加入了对比叙事，目的是让主要可视化（传达焦点问题的数据）显得截然不同。与研究1的结果相比，我们发现对比叙事在惊讶和兴趣方面提升了参与度，但有趣的是导致了更高的回忆误差，并且态度没有显著改变。我们在主题卷入度和数据可视化中编码的时间趋势强度的背景下，讨论了启发和对比叙事的影响。
英文摘要：
News articles containing data visualizations play an important role in informing the public on issues ranging from public health to politics. Recent research on the persuasive appeal of data visualizations suggests that prior attitudes can be notoriously difficult to change. Inspired by an NYT article, we designed two experiments to evaluate the impact of elicitation and contrasting narratives on attitude change, recall, and engagement. We hypothesized that eliciting prior beliefs leads to more elaborative thinking that ultimately results in higher attitude change, better recall, and engagement. Our findings revealed that visual elicitation leads to higher engagement in terms of feelings of surprise. While there is an overall attitude change across all experiment conditions, we did not observe a significant effect of belief elicitation on attitude change. With regard to recall error, while participants in the draw trend elicitation exhibited significantly lower recall error than participants in the categorize trend condition, we found no significant difference in recall error when comparing elicitation conditions to no elicitation. In a follow-up study, we added contrasting narratives with the purpose of making the main visualization (communicating data on the focal issue) appear strikingly different. Compared to the results of study 1, we found that contrasting narratives improved engagement in terms of surprise and interest but interestingly resulted in higher recall error and no significant change in attitude. We discuss the effects of elicitation and contrasting narratives in the context of topic involvement and the strengths of temporal trends encoded in the data visualization.
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