直接探测实验中对费米子暗物质-夸克张量相互作用的全面约束
Comprehensive constraints on fermionic dark matter-quark tensor interactions in direct detection experiments
AI总结：
本文研究费米子暗物质-夸克张量算符在直接探测中的约束，证明其可通过非微扰QCD效应贡献于暗物质电偶极矩和磁偶极矩，并利用XENON1T及PandaX等数据将约束质量下限显著扩展至5 MeV。
摘要：
有效场论（EFT）为解释暗物质（DM）直接探测实验的结果提供了一个不依赖模型的框架。在本研究中，我们证明两个费米子暗物质-夸克张量算符 $(\barχ iσ^{μν} γ^5 χ) (\bar{q} σ_{μν}q)$ 和 $(\barχ σ^{μν} χ) (\bar{q} σ_{μν} q)$ 除了已被充分研究的接触型暗物质-核子算符之外，还可以通过非微扰 QCD 效应对暗物质的电偶极矩和磁偶极矩产生贡献。随后，我们利用 XENON1T 的核反冲数据和 Migdal 效应数据，同时考虑接触贡献和偶极贡献，研究了对这两个算符的约束。我们还将其他已有的、由各种直接探测实验中的电子反冲和核反冲测量得到的暗物质偶极算符界限，重新转换为对这两个张量算符的约束。对于 $m_χ\lesssim 1\\,\rm GeV$，我们的结果显著扩展了对暗物质-夸克张量算符约束的覆盖范围，将质量下限推进到低至 $5\\,\rm MeV$，其约束强度比仅考虑接触相互作用的 Migdal 效应所得结果高出约一个数量级。特别是对于算符 $(\barχ σ^{μν}iγ_5 χ) (\bar{q} σ_{μν}q)$，当暗物质质量 $m_χ\gtrsim 10\\,\rm GeV$ 时，PandaX 对暗物质电偶极矩的最新约束给出了比此前直接探测极限更严格的界限。
英文摘要：
Effective field theory (EFT) provides a model-independent framework for interpreting the results of dark matter (DM) direct detection experiments. In this study, we demonstrate that the two fermionic DM-quark tensor operators, $(\barχ iσ^{μν} γ^5 χ) (\bar{q} σ_{μν}q)$ and $(\barχ σ^{μν} χ) (\bar{q} σ_{μν} q)$, can contribute to the DM electric and magnetic dipole moments via nonperturbative QCD effects, in addition to the well-studied contact DM-nucleon operators. We then investigate the constraints on these two operators by considering both the contact and the dipole contributions using the XENON1T nuclear recoil and Migdal effect data. We also recast other existing bounds on the DM dipole operators, derived from electron and nuclear recoil measurements in various direct detection experiments, as constraints on the two tensor operators. For $m_χ\lesssim 1\,\rm GeV$, our results significantly extend the reach of constraints on the DM-quark tensor operators to masses as low as $5\,\rm MeV$, with the bound exceeding that obtained by the Migdal effect with only contact interactions by an order of magnitude or so. In particular, for the operator $(\barχ σ^{μν}iγ_5 χ) (\bar{q} σ_{μν}q)$ with DM mass $m_χ\gtrsim 10\,\rm GeV$, the latest PandaX constraint on the DM electric dipole moment puts more stringent bounds than the previous direct detection limit.
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