基于光子减除与远程放大的多分量猫码错误抑制
Error suppression in multicomponent cat codes with photon subtraction and teleamplification
AI总结：
本文提出将多光子减除与远程放大结合用于四分量猫码，通过抑制高光子数并配合纠错，在现实损耗条件下实现超过93.5%的最坏情况保真度，为NISQ时代光子量子信息任务中的大无源损耗抑制提供了新方案。
摘要：
已知多光子态可以通过在无源损耗信道之前施加无噪声衰减、在信道之后施加无噪声放大来保护其免受退相干影响。在本工作中，我们提出将四分量猫码上的多光子减除与远程放大（teleamplification）结合使用，以在探测损耗和环境损耗下有效抑制错误。多光子减除的反作用通过抑制较高光子数来修正编码在猫态上的编码量子比特，同时确保原始量子比特能够通过远程放大及随后的纠错被有效恢复，从而保持其量子信息。在基于现实光子减除和远程放大的方案之后，再施加最优纠错映射，在环境损耗率为10%、探测器效率为95%以及相干态振幅为2的足够大猫态条件下，可以在约3.42%的最低成功概率下实现超过93.5%的最坏情况保真度（仅使用含噪远程放大时为82%）。这为在含噪中等规模量子（NISQ）时代应对量子信息任务中的大无源损耗（例如直接量子通信或在光子平台上存储编码量子比特）确立了一个有前景的标准。
英文摘要：
It is known that multiphoton states can be protected from decoherence due to a passive loss channel by applying noiseless attenuation before and noiseless amplification after the channel. In this work, we propose the combined use of multiphoton subtraction on four-component cat codes and teleamplification to effectively suppress errors under detection and environmental losses. The back-action from multiphoton subtraction modifies the encoded qubit encoded on cat states by suppressing the higher photon numbers, while simultaneously ensuring that the original qubit can be recovered effectively through teleamplification followed by error correction, thus preserving its quantum information. With realistic photon subtraction and teleamplification-based scheme followed by optimal error-correcting maps, one can achieve a worst-case fidelity (over all encoded pure states) of over $93.5\%$ ($82\%$ with only noisy teleamplification) at a minimum success probability of about $3.42\%$, under a $10\%$ environmental-loss rate, $95\%$ detector efficiency and sufficiently large cat states with the coherent-state amplitudes of 2. This sets a promising standard for combating large passive losses in quantum-information tasks in the noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) era, such as direct quantum communication or the storage of encoded qubits on the photonic platform.
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