While automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems degrade significantly in noisy environments, audio-visual speech recognition (AVSR) systems aim to complement the audio stream with noise-invariant visual cues and improve the system's robustness. However, current studies mainly focus on fusing the well-learned modality features, like the output of modality-specific encoders, without considering the contextual relationship during the modality feature learning. In this study, we propose a multi-layer cross-attention fusion based AVSR (MLCA-AVSR) approach that promotes representation learning of each modality by fusing them at different levels of audio/visual encoders. Experimental results on the MISP2022-AVSR Challenge dataset show the efficacy of our proposed system, achieving a concatenated minimum permutation character error rate (cpCER) of 30.57% on the Eval set and yielding up to 3.17% relative improvement compared with our previous system which ranked the second place in the challenge. Following the fusion of multiple systems, our proposed approach surpasses the first-place system, establishing a new SOTA cpCER of 29.13% on this dataset.
M2S-AVSR: Modality-aware Multi-view Self-supervised Representation for Robust Audio-Visual Speech Recognition
School of Artificial Intelligence and the School of Computer Science, Wuhan University, China（人工智能学院和计算机科学学院，武汉大学，中国）；School of Artificial Intelligence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China（人工智能学院，香港中文大学（深圳），中国）；School of Artificial Intelligence, Wuhan University, China（人工智能学院，武汉大学，中国）
This paper focuses on designing a noise-robust end-to-end Audio-Visual Speech Recognition (AVSR) system. To this end, we propose Visual Context-driven Audio Feature Enhancement module (V-CAFE) to enhance the input noisy audio speech with a help of audio-visual correspondence. The proposed V-CAFE is designed to capture the transition of lip movements, namely visual context and to generate a noise reduction mask by considering the obtained visual context. Through context-dependent modeling, the ambiguity in viseme-to-phoneme mapping can be refined for mask generation. The noisy representations a…
Considering the bimodal nature of human speech perception, lips, and teeth movement has a pivotal role in automatic speech recognition. Benefiting from the correlated and noise-invariant visual information, audio-visual recognition systems enhance robustness in multiple scenarios. In previous work, audio-visual HuBERT appears to be the finest practice incorporating modality knowledge. This paper outlines a mixed methodology, named conformer enhanced AV-HuBERT, boosting the AV-HuBERT system's performance a step further. Compared with baseline AV-HuBERT, our method in the one-phase evaluation of…
Purification Before Fusion: Toward Mask-Free Speech Enhancement for Robust Audio-Visual Speech Recognition
University of Electronic Science and Technology of China（电子科技大学）；Defense Innovation Institute, Academy of Military Sciences（国防科技创新研究院）；Peking University（北京大学）；High-tech Institute（高新技术研究所）
This paper deals with Audio-Visual Speech Recognition (AVSR) under multimodal input corruption situations where audio inputs and visual inputs are both corrupted, which is not well addressed in previous research directions. Previous studies have focused on how to complement the corrupted audio inputs with the clean visual inputs with the assumption of the availability of clean visual inputs. However, in real life, clean visual inputs are not always accessible and can even be corrupted by occluded lip regions or noises. Thus, we firstly analyze that the previous AVSR models are not indeed robus…
Robust LLM-based Audio-Visual Speech Recognition with Sparse Modality Alignment and Visual Unit-Guided Refinement
School of Computer Science, Wuhan University, China（武汉大学计算机学院）；School of Artificial Intelligence, Wuhan University, China（武汉大学人工智能学院）；School of Artificial Intelligence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China（香港中文大学（深圳）人工智能学院）；AI Center, OPPO, China（OPPO人工智能中心）；Digital Innovation Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, China（杜克大学昆山数字创新研究中心）
The Multimodal Information Based Speech Processing (MISP) 2025 Challenge: Audio-Visual Diarization and Recognition
University of Science and Technology of China（中国科学技术大学）；Georgia Institute of Technology（佐治亚理工学院）；Carnegie Mellon University（卡内基梅隆大学）；Northwestern Polytechnical University（西北工业大学）；University of Palermo（巴勒莫大学）；Delft University of Technology（代尔夫特理工大学）
University of Science and Technology of China（中国科学技术大学）；iFlytek Research, iFlytek Co., Ltd.（科大讯飞股份有限公司讯飞研究院）；Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院声学研究所）
With the advance in self-supervised learning for audio and visual modalities, it has become possible to learn a robust audio-visual speech representation. This would be beneficial for improving the audio-visual speech recognition (AVSR) performance, as the multi-modal inputs contain more fruitful information in principle. In this paper, based on existing self-supervised representation learning methods for audio modality, we therefore propose an audio-visual representation learning approach. The proposed approach explores both the complementarity of audio-visual modalities and long-term context…
Training Transformer-based models demands a large amount of data, while obtaining aligned and labelled data in multimodality is rather cost-demanding, especially for audio-visual speech recognition (AVSR). Thus it makes a lot of sense to make use of unlabelled unimodal data. On the other side, although the effectiveness of large-scale self-supervised learning is well established in both audio and visual modalities, how to integrate those pre-trained models into a multimodal scenario remains underexplored. In this work, we successfully leverage unimodal self-supervised learning to promote the m…
AISHELL6-whisper: A Chinese Mandarin Audio-visual Whisper Speech Dataset with Speech Recognition Baselines
School of Computer Science, Wuhan University（武汉大学计算机学院）；School of Artificial Intelligence, Wuhan University（武汉大学人工智能学院）；Beijing AISHELL Technology Co., Ltd.（北京AISHELL科技有限公司）；AI Center, OPPO（OPPO人工智能中心）
A Unified Framework for Modality-Agnostic Deepfakes Detection
Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院信息工程研究所）；School of Cyber Security, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院大学网络空间安全学院）；University at Buffalo, State University of New York（纽约州立大学布法罗分校）；RealAI Inc（RealAI公司）
Audio-visual speech recognition (AVSR) system is thought to be one of the most promising solutions for robust speech recognition, especially in noisy environment. In this paper, we propose a novel multimodal attention based method for audio-visual speech recognition which could automatically learn the fused representation from both modalities based on their importance. Our method is realized using state-of-the-art sequence-to-sequence (Seq2seq) architectures. Experimental results show that relative improvements from 2% up to 36% over the auditory modality alone are obtained depending on the di…
Center for Artificial Intelligence Research (CAiRE)（人工智能研究中心（CAiRE））；The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology（香港科技大学）
With the rise of deep learning and intelligent vehicles, the smart assistant has become an essential in-car component to facilitate driving and provide extra functionalities. In-car smart assistants should be able to process general as well as car-related commands and perform corresponding actions, which eases driving and improves safety. However, in this research field, most datasets are in major languages, such as English and Chinese. There is a huge data scarcity issue for low-resource languages, hindering the development of research and applications for broader communities. Therefore, it i…
Automatic recognition of overlapped speech remains a highly challenging task to date. Motivated by the bimodal nature of human speech perception, this paper investigates the use of audio-visual technologies for overlapped speech recognition. Three issues associated with the construction of audio-visual speech recognition (AVSR) systems are addressed. First, the basic architecture designs i.e. end-to-end and hybrid of AVSR systems are investigated. Second, purposefully designed modality fusion gates are used to robustly integrate the audio and visual features. Third, in contrast to a traditiona…
Audio-based automatic speech recognition (ASR) degrades significantly in noisy environments and is particularly vulnerable to interfering speech, as the model cannot determine which speaker to transcribe. Audio-visual speech recognition (AVSR) systems improve robustness by complementing the audio stream with the visual information that is invariant to noise and helps the model focus on the desired speaker. However, previous AVSR work focused solely on the supervised learning setup; hence the progress was hindered by the amount of labeled data available. In this work, we present a self-supervis…
Listening and Seeing Again: Generative Error Correction for Audio-Visual Speech Recognition
Inner Mongolia University（内蒙古大学）；Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data（深圳大数据研究院）；The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen（香港中文大学（深圳））；National University of Singapore（新加坡国立大学）
VATLM: Visual-Audio-Text Pre-Training with Unified Masked Prediction for Speech Representation Learning
National Engineering Research Center of Speech and Language Information Processing（国家语音及语言信息处理工程技术研究中心）；University of Science and Technology of China（中国科学技术大学）；Microsoft Corporation（微软公司）
Nanyang Technological University（南洋理工大学）；ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center（浙江大学杭州国际科创中心）；Zhejiang University（浙江大学）
Audio-visual speech recognition (AVSR) has gained remarkable success for ameliorating the noise-robustness of speech recognition. Mainstream methods focus on fusing audio and visual inputs to obtain modality-invariant representations. However, such representations are prone to over-reliance on audio modality as it is much easier to recognize than video modality in clean conditions. As a result, the AVSR model underestimates the importance of visual stream in face of noise corruption. To this end, we leverage visual modality-specific representations to provide stable complementary information f…
Meta AI Research（Meta人工智能研究院）；Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago（芝加哥丰田技术研究所）；Meta Reality Labs Research（Meta现实实验室）；The Hebrew University of Jerusalem（耶路撒冷希伯来大学）
Prior works on improving speech quality with visual input typically study each type of auditory distortion separately (e.g., separation, inpainting, video-to-speech) and present tailored algorithms. This paper proposes to unify these subjects and study Generalized Speech Enhancement, where the goal is not to reconstruct the exact reference clean signal, but to focus on improving certain aspects of speech. In particular, this paper concerns intelligibility, quality, and video synchronization. We cast the problem as audio-visual speech resynthesis, which is composed of two steps: pseudo audio-vi…
Audio and visual signals complement each other in human speech perception, so do they in speech recognition. The visual hint is less evident than the acoustic hint, but more robust in a complex acoustic environment, as far as speech perception is concerned. It remains a challenge how we effectively exploit the interaction between audio and visual signals for automatic speech recognition. There have been studies to exploit visual signals as redundant or complementary information to audio input in a synchronous manner. Human studies suggest that visual signal primes the listener in advance as to…
Audio-visual speech recognition (AVSR) can effectively and significantly improve the recognition rates of small-vocabulary systems, compared to their audio-only counterparts. For large-vocabulary systems, however, there are still many difficulties, such as unsatisfactory video recognition accuracies, that make it hard to improve over audio-only baselines. In this paper, we specifically consider such scenarios, focusing on the large-vocabulary task of the LRS2 database, where audio-only performance is far superior to video-only accuracies, making this an interesting and challenging setup for mu…
