尘埃与气体结构（SODA）：利用JWST对H$_2$O和CO的观测约束II Zw96最内层尘埃性质
Structures Of Dust and gAs (SODA): Constraining the innermost dust properties of II Zw96 with JWST observations of H$_2$O and CO
AI总结：
本研究利用JWST观测分析了II Zw 096中D1源的H$_2$O和CO红外分子带，揭示了嵌入式致密源与高度湍流环境，并通过IR发射建模证实了D1中存在尘埃遮挡的活动星系核（AGN）。
摘要：
我们分析了JWST NIRSpec+MIRI/MRS对相互作用系统及亮红外星系II Zw 096中受包裹最严重源（D1）的红外（IR）气相分子带的观测结果。我们报告了在D1中检测到H$_2$O $ν_2$=1-0（$\sim$5.3-7.2 $μ$m）和$^{12}$CO $ν$=1-0（$\sim$4.45-4.95 $μ$m）的振转跃迁谱线。CO谱带显示R支和P支均为发射，而H$_2$O谱带显示P支为发射、R支为吸收。H$_2$O R支的吸收揭示了D1中存在一个IR明亮的嵌入式致密源，CO的宽分量特征表明存在高度湍流的环境。从这两个谱带中，我们还发现了与环核光解离区（PDRs）相关的延伸的强烈恒星形成（SF）活动，这与该源中电离的7.7 $μ$m多环芳烃谱带的强发射相一致。通过纳入从H$_2$O和CO分析中得出的4.5-7.0 $μ$m连续谱信息，我们用尘埃环面和SF分量对D1的IR发射进行了建模。该环面非常致密（在5 $μ$m处直径$\sim$3 pc）且具有温暖尘埃（$\sim$370 K），其IR表面亮度为$\sim$3.6$\ imes$10$^{8}$ L$_{\ m sun}$/pc$^2$。这一结果表明D1中存在尘埃遮挡的活动星系核（AGN），其覆盖因子异常高，阻止了对AGN发射的直接探测。我们的结果为通过建模观测到的IR分子带来研究内部尘埃环面的物理条件开辟了新途径。
英文摘要：
We analyze JWST NIRSpec$+$MIRI/MRS observations of the infrared (IR) gas-phase molecular bands of the most enshrouded source (D1) within the interacting system and luminous IR galaxy II Zw 096. We report the detection of rovibrational lines of H$_2$O $ν_2$=1-0 ($\sim$5.3-7.2 $μ$m) and $^{12}$CO $ν$=1-0 ($\sim$4.45-4.95 $μ$m) in D1. The CO band shows the R- and P-branches in emission and the spectrum of the H$_2$O band shows the P-branch in emission and the R-branch in absorption. The H$_2$O R-branch in absorption unveils an IR-bright embedded compact source in D1 and the CO broad component features a highly turbulent environment. From both bands, we also identified extended intense star-forming (SF) activity associated with circumnuclear photodissociation regions (PDRs), consistent with the strong emission of the ionised 7.7 $μ$m polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon band in this source. By including the 4.5-7.0 $μ$m continuum information derived from the H$_2$O and CO analysis, we modelled the IR emission of D1 with a dusty torus and SF component. The torus is very compact (diameter of $\sim$3 pc at 5 $μ$m) and characterised by warm dust ($\sim$ 370 K), giving an IR surface brightness of $\sim$3.6$\times$10$^{8}$ L$_{\rm sun}$/pc$^2$. This result suggests the presence of a dust-obscured active galactic nucleus (AGN) in D1, which has an exceptionally high covering factor that prevents the direct detection of AGN emission. Our results open a new way to investigate the physical conditions of inner dusty tori via modelling the observed IR molecular bands.
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