Accurately predicting the temperature field in metal additive manufacturing (AM) processes is critical to preventing overheating, adjusting process parameters, and ensuring process stability. While physics-based computational models offer precision, they are often time-consuming and unsuitable for real-time predictions and online control in iterative design scenarios. Conversely, machine learning models rely heavily on high-quality datasets, which can be costly and challenging to obtain within the metal AM domain. Our work addresses this by introducing a physics-informed neural network framework specifically designed for temperature field prediction in metal AM. This framework incorporates a physics-informed input, physics-informed loss function, and a Convolutional Long Short-Term Memory (ConvLSTM) architecture. Utilizing real-time temperature data from the process, our model predicts 2D temperature fields for future timestamps across diverse geometries, deposition patterns, and process parameters. We validate the proposed framework in two scenarios: full-field temperature prediction for a thin wall and 2D temperature field prediction for cylinder and cubic parts, demonstrating errors below 3% and 1%, respectively. Our proposed framework exhibits the flexibility to be applied across diverse scenarios with varying process parameters, geometries, and deposition patterns.
University of Washington（华盛顿大学）；DuoTech LLC.（DuoTech有限责任公司）
A physics-informed neural network is developed to solve conductive heat transfer partial differential equation (PDE), along with convective heat transfer PDEs as boundary conditions (BCs), in manufacturing and engineering applications where parts are heated in ovens. Since convective coefficients are typically unknown, current analysis approaches based on trial and error finite element (FE) simulations are slow. The loss function is defined based on errors to satisfy PDE, BCs and initial condition. An adaptive normalizing scheme is developed to reduce loss terms simultaneously. In addition, th…
University College Dublin（都柏林大学学院）；CentraleSupélec（中央理工-高等电力学院）；Imperial College London（伦敦帝国理工学院）
I-nteract is a cyber-physical system that enables real-time interaction with both virtual and real artifacts to design 3D models for additive manufacturing by leveraging on mixed reality technologies. This paper presents novel advances in the development of the interaction platform I-nteract to generate 3D models using both constructive solid geometry and artificial intelligence. The system also enables the user to adjust the dimensions of the 3D models with respect to their physical workspace. The effectiveness of the system is demonstrated by generating 3D models of furniture (e.g., chairs a…
Physics-informed generative AI for semiconductor manufacturing: Enforcing hard physical constraints in generative models by construction
School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Oklahoma（俄克拉荷马大学电气与计算机工程学院）；Center for Quantum Research and Technology, University of Oklahoma（俄克拉荷马大学量子研究与技术中心）；Intelligent Neuromorphic and Quantum Understanding for Innovative Research and Engineering (INQUIRE) Laboratory（创新研究与工程智能神经形态与量子理解实验室）；Material Science and Engineering Program, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA（俄克拉荷马大学材料科学与工程项目，Norman, OK 73019 USA）
RWTH Aachen University（亚琛工业大学）；University of Texas at Austin（德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校）；University of California, Berkeley（加州大学伯克利分校）；California Institute of Technology（加州理工学院）
We present a novel unsupervised deep learning approach that utilizes the encoder-decoder architecture for detecting anomalies in sequential sensor data collected during industrial manufacturing. Our approach is designed not only to detect whether there exists an anomaly at a given time step, but also to predict what will happen next in the (sequential) process. We demonstrate our approach on a dataset collected from a real-world testbed. The dataset contains images collected under both normal conditions and synthetic anomalies. We show that the encoder-decoder model is able to identify the inj…
An Unsupervised Time Series Anomaly Detection Approach for Efficient Online Process Monitoring of Additive Manufacturing
College of Engineering and Computer Science, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley（工程与计算机科学学院，德克萨斯理工大学Rio Grande Valley分校）；School of Industrial Engineering and Management, Oklahoma State University（工业工程与管理学院，俄克拉荷马州立大学）
Process-Informed Forecasting of Complex Thermal Dynamics in Pharmaceutical Manufacturing
Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Bari（巴里大学农业与环境科学系）；Department of Mechanical, Mathematics, and Management (DMMM), Polytechnic University of Bari（巴里理工学院机械、数学与管理系）；Division of Applied Mathematics, Brown University（布朗大学应用数学系）
Understanding the thermal behavior of additive manufacturing (AM) processes is crucial for enhancing the quality control and enabling customized process design. Most purely physics-based computational models suffer from intensive computational costs and the need of calibrating unknown parameters, thus not suitable for online control and iterative design application. Data-driven models taking advantage of the latest developed computational tools can serve as a more efficient surrogate, but they are usually trained over a large amount of simulation data and often fail to effectively use small bu…
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign（伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳-香槟分校）；Livermore Software Technology, an ANSYS company（利弗莫尔软件技术公司，ANSYS 旗下公司）
The recent explosion of machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) shows great potential in the breakthrough of metal additive manufacturing (AM) process modeling. However, the success of conventional machine learning tools in data science is primarily attributed to the unprecedented large amount of labeled data-sets (big data), which can be either obtained by experiments or first-principle simulations. Unfortunately, these labeled data-sets are expensive to obtain in AM due to the high expense of the AM experiments and prohibitive computational cost of high-fidelity simulations. W…
Characterizing meltpool shape and geometry is essential in metal Additive Manufacturing (MAM) to control the printing process and avoid defects. Predicting meltpool flaws based on process parameters and powder material is difficult due to the complex nature of MAM process. Machine learning (ML) techniques can be useful in connecting process parameters to the type of flaws in the meltpool. In this work, we introduced a comprehensive framework for benchmarking ML for melt pool characterization. An extensive experimental dataset has been collected from more than 80 MAM articles containing MAM pro…
Automatic Feature Recognition and Dimensional Attributes Extraction From CAD Models for Hybrid Additive-Subtractive Manufacturing
Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology (SIMTech), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)（新加坡科技研究局（A*STAR）新加坡制造技术研究院（SIMTech））；Advanced Remanufacturing and Technology Centre (ARTC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)（新加坡科技研究局（A*STAR）先进再制造与技术中心（ARTC））；School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University（南洋理工大学机械与宇航工程学院）
针对混合制造场景下传统CAD特征自动识别方法无法识别增材特征、尺寸提取不准的问题，提出基于Python Open Cascade构建增减材复合特征合成数据集，用HGCNN实现高精度特征识别与尺寸提取，助力CAD/CAPP/CAM集成与工艺规划优化。
Supervised classification methods have been widely utilized for the quality assurance of the advanced manufacturing process, such as additive manufacturing (AM) for anomaly (defects) detection. However, since abnormal states (with defects) occur much less frequently than normal ones (without defects) in a manufacturing process, the number of sensor data samples collected from a normal state is usually much more than that from an abnormal state. This issue causes imbalanced training data for classification analysis, thus deteriorating the performance of detecting abnormal states in the process.…
Kent State University（肯特州立大学）；Colorado School of Mines（科罗拉多矿业学院）
To control part quality, it is critical to analyze pore generation mechanisms, laying theoretical foundation for future porosity control. Current porosity analysis models use machine setting parameters, such as laser angle and part pose. However, these setting-based models are machine dependent, hence they often do not transfer to analysis of porosity for a different machine. To address the first problem, a physics-informed, data-driven model (PIM), which instead of directly using machine setting parameters to predict porosity levels of printed parts, it first interprets machine settings into …
Bayesian Optimisation for Sequential Experimental Design with Applications in Additive Manufacturing
Trinity College Dublin（都柏林圣三一学院）；Maynooth University（梅努斯大学）；Dublin City University（都柏林城市大学）；I-Form Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre（I-Form先进制造研究中心）
