轴向 $U(1)$ 不可逆对称性的格点实现
Lattice realization of the axial $U(1)$ noninvertible symmetry
AI总结:
本文在紧致 $U(1)$ 格点规范理论中,利用 Ginsparg–Wilson 手征费米子与缺陷上的格点 Chern–Simons 项构造轴向 $U(1)$ 不可逆对称算子,并给出基于 3D $\mathbb{Z}_N$ TQFT 的替代方案。
摘要:
在具有紧致 $U(1)$ 变量的 $U(1)$ 格点规范理论中,我们为轴向 $U(1)$ 不可逆对称性构造了对称算子,即拓扑缺陷。这需要一种具有反常物质内容的手征规范理论的格点表述,而我们采用基于 Ginsparg–Wilson 关系的格点表述。仿照 Karasik 在连续理论中的处方,通过将缺陷上的格点 Chern–Simons 项对光滑格点规范变换积分,实现了对称算子在缺陷上规范场的规范变换下的不变性。随后,在格点正则化下出现了缺陷上允许磁通量的投影算子。所得对称算子在格点规范变换下明显不变。在附录中,我们给出了基于三维 $\mathbb{Z}_N$ 拓扑量子场论(即格点上 level-$N$ BF 理论)构造对称算子的另一种方法。
英文摘要:
In $U(1)$ lattice gauge theory with compact $U(1)$ variables, we construct the symmetry operator, i.e.\ the topological defect, for the axial $U(1)$ noninvertible symmetry. This requires a lattice formulation of chiral gauge theory with an anomalous matter content and we employ the lattice formulation on the basis of the Ginsparg--Wilson relation. The invariance of the symmetry operator under the gauge transformation of the gauge field on the defect is realized, imitating the prescription by Karasik in continuum theory, by integrating the lattice Chern--Simons term on the defect over \emph{smooth\/} lattice gauge transformations. The projection operator for allowed magnetic fluxes on the defect then emerges with lattice regularization. The resulting symmetry operator is manifestly invariant under lattice gauge transformations. In an appendix, we give another way of constructing the symmetry operator on the basis of a 3D $\mathbb{Z}_N$ topological quantum field theory, the level-$N$ BF theory on the lattice.
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