We study thermalization and thermal transport in single crystals of CsV$_3$Sb$_5$ through the CDW transition by directly measuring thermal diffusivity ($D$), thermal conductivity ($κ$), resistivity ($ρ$), and specific heat ($c$). Commensurate with previous reports, we observe a sharp, narrow anomaly in specific heat associated with a first order transition that results in a CDW state below $\sim94$ K. While a corresponding sharp anomaly in thermal diffusivity is also observed, resistivity and thermal conductivity only exhibit small steps at the transition, where the feature is sharp for resistivity and broader for thermal conductivity. Scrutinizing the thermal Einstein relation $κ=cD$, we find that this relation is satisfied in the entire temperature range, except in a narrow range around the transition. The Wiedemann-Franz law seems to work outside the critical region as well. Below the transition and persisting below the two-phase regime we find strong resemblance between the resistivity anomaly and the specific heat, which may point to a secondary electronic order parameter that emerges continuously below the transition.
We report a temperature dependent x-ray diffraction study of the electronic ordering instabilities in the kagome material CsV$_3$Sb$_5$. Our measurements between 10 K and 120 K reveal an unexpected reorganization of the three-dimensional electronic order in the bulk of CsV$_3$Sb$_5$: At 10 K, a 2x2x2 superstructure modulation due to electronic order is observed, which upon warming changes to a 2x2x4 superstructure at 60 K. The electronic order-order transition discovered here involves a change in the stacking of electronically ordered V$_3$Sb$_5$-layers and agrees perfectly with anomalies prev…
Electron-electron and electron-phonon collision cross sections in CsV3Sb5
Laboratoire de Physique et d’Étude de Matériaux (CNRS) ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University（材料物理与研究实验室（法国国家科学研究中心）巴黎高等物理化工学院，巴黎文理研究大学）；Materials Department, University of California Santa Barbara（加州大学圣塔芭芭拉分校材料系）
We report the transport properties of kagome superconductor CsV$_{3}$Sb$_{5}$ single crystals at magnetic field up to 32 T. The Shubnikov de Haas (SdH) oscillations emerge at low temperature and four frequencies of $F_α=$ 27 T, $F_β=$ 73 T, $F_ε=$ 727 T, and $F_η=$ 786 T with relatively small cyclotron masses are observed. For $F_β$ and $F_ε$, the Berry phases are close to $π$, providing a clear evidence of nontrivial topological band structures of CsV$_{3}$Sb$_{5}$. Furthermore, the consistence between theoretical calculations and experimental results implies that these frequencies can be ass…
Motived by time-reversal symmetry breaking and giant anomalous Hall effect in kagome superconductor \textit{A}V$_3$Sb$_5$ (\textit{A} = Cs, K, Rb), we carried out the thermal transport measurements on CsV$_3$Sb$_5$. In addition to the anomalous Hall effect, the anomalous Nernst effect and the anomalous thermal Hall effect emerge. Interestingly, the longitudinal thermal conductivity $κ_{xx}$ largely deviates from the electronic contribution obtained from the longitudinal conductivity $σ_{xx}$ by the Wiedemann-Franz law. In contrast, the thermal Hall conductivity $κ_{xy}$ is roughly consistent w…
The cascade of electronic phases in CsV$_3$Sb$_5$ raises the prospect to disentangle their mutual interactions in a clean, strongly interacting Kagome lattice. When the Kagome planes are stacked into a crystal, its electronic dimensionality encodes how much of the Kagome physics and its topological aspects survive. The layered structure of CsV$_3$Sb$_5$ reflects in Brillouin-zone-sized quasi-2D Fermi surfaces and a significant transport anisotropy. Yet here we demonstrate that CsV$_3$Sb$_5$ is a three-dimensional metal within the charge-density-wave (CDW) state. Small 3D pockets play a crucial…
Four-layer charge density waves and chirality in CsV$_3$Sb$_5$
Donostia International Physics Center（圣塞巴斯蒂安国际物理中心）；IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science（伊卡巴斯基克，巴斯克科学基金会）；Department of Physics, University of Zurich（苏黎世大学物理系）
The intertwining of charge order, superconductivity and band topology has promoted the AV$_3$Sb$_5$ (A=K, Rb, Cs) family of materials to the center of attention in condensed matter physics. Underlying those mysterious macroscopic properties such as giant anomalous Hall conductivity (AHC) and chiral charge density wave is their nontrivial band topology. While there have been numerous experimental and theoretical works investigating the nontrivial band structure and especially the van Hove singularities, the exact topological phase of this family remains to be clarified. In this work, we identif…
The recently discovered kagome superconductors $A$V$_3$Sb$_5$ ($A$ = K, Rb, Cs) possess a unique band structure with van Hove singularities and Dirac dispersions, in which unusual charge-density-wave (CDW) orders with time-reversal and rotational symmetry breaking have been reported. One of the most crucial unresolved issues is identifying the symmetry of the superconductivity that develops inside the CDW phase. Theory predicts a variety of unconventional superconducting symmetries, including exotic states with chiral and topological properties accompanied by a sign-changing superconducting ga…
Recently, kagome lattice metal AV$_3$Sb$_5$ (A = K, Rb, Cs) family has received wide attention due to its presence of superconductivity, charge density wave (CDW) and peculiar properties from topological nontrivial electronic structure. With time-resolved pump-probe spectroscopy, we show that the excited quasiparticle relaxation dynamics can be explained by formation of energy gap below the phase transition being similar to a usual second-order CDW condensate, by contrast, the structure change is predominantly first order phase transition. Furthermore, no CDW amplitude mode is identified in th…
Elucidating the symmetry of intertwined orders in exotic superconductors is at the quantum frontier. Recent surface sensitive studies of the topological kagome superconductor CsV$_3$Sb$_5$ discovered a cascade 4a$_0$ superlattice below the charge density wave (CDW) ordering temperature, which can be related to the pair density modulations in the superconducting state. If the 4a$_0$ phase is a bulk and intrinsic property of the kagome lattice, this would form a striking analogy to the stripe order and pair density wave discovered in the cuprate high-temperature superconductors, and the cascade …
Pressure-Induced Superconducting-like Transition in the $\it d$-wave Altermagnet Candidate CsV$_2$Se$_2$O
Beijing Institute of Technology（北京理工大学）；Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory（松山湖材料实验室）；Southern University of Science and Technology（南方科技大学）；Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院上海高等研究院）；Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK)（高能加速器研究机构物质结构科学研究所）；ALBA Synchrotron（阿尔巴同步辐射中心）；National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China（中国科学技术大学国家同步辐射实验室）
Thermal conductivity and specific heat of the linear chain cuprate Sr$_{2}$CuO$_{3}$: Evidence for thermal transport via spinons
本文测量了自旋为1/2的海森堡链状铜氧化物Sr $_{2}$ CuO $_{3}$的低温比热和热导率。除了一个几乎各向同性的声子热输运，我们发现一个准一维的过剩沿链方向的热导率，最有可能与自旋激发（自旋）。自旋能流主要受缺陷和声子散射的限制。通过比热数据的分析，估算出链内磁交换$J/k_{B}$为2650 K.
We derive and calculate thermal transport coefficient for a quantum Hall system in the linear response regime, and show that they are exponentially small in the bulk, in contrast to the quantized value of the charge Hall coefficient, thus violating Wiedemann-Franz law. This corroborates earlier reports about the essential difference between the charge and thermal quantum Hall effect, that originates from the different behavior of the corresponding $U(1)$ and gravitational anomalies. We explicitly calculate the bulk currents when a temperature profile is applied within the bulk, and show that t…
Local spectroscopy of loop current order with individual magnetic atoms
The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology（香港科技大学）；The University of Hong Kong（香港大学）；Karlsruhe Institute of Technology（卡尔斯鲁厄理工学院）；Universität Würzburg（维尔茨堡大学）；University of California Santa Barbara（加州大学圣塔芭芭拉分校）
Thermal transport is less appreciated in probing quantum materials in comparison to electrical transport. This article aims to show the pivotal role that thermal transport may play in understanding quantum materials: the longitudinal thermal transport reflects the itinerant quasiparticles even in an electrical insulating phase, while the transverse thermal transport such as thermal Hall and Nernst effect are tightly linked to nontrivial topology. We discuss three types of examples: quantum spin liquids where thermal transport identifies its existence, superconductors where thermal transport re…
We present a new framework for computing low frequency transport properties of strongly correlated, ergodic systems. Our main assumption is that, when a thermalizing diffusive system is driven at frequency $ω$, domains of size $ξ\sim\sqrt{D/ω}$ can be considered as internally thermal, but weakly coupled with each other. We calculate the transport coefficients to lowest order in the coupling, assuming incoherent transport between such domains. Our framework naturally captures the sub-leading non analytic corrections to the transport coefficients, known as hydrodynamic long time tails. In additi…
We study thermal transport in strongly disordered, strongly interacting quantum field theories without quasiparticles using gauge-gravity duality. We analyze linear perturbations of black holes with broken translational symmetry in Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton theories of gravity. Using general geometric arguments in the bulk, we derive bounds on thermal conductivity for the dual disordered field theories in one and two spatial dimensions. In the latter case, the thermal conductivity is always non-zero at finite temperature, so long as the dilaton potential is bounded from below. Hence, generic ho…
We present a formula for thermal transport in the bulk of Bose systems based on the quantum Boltzmann equation (QBE). First, starting from the quantum kinetic equation and using the Born approximation for impurity scattering, we derive the QBE of Bose systems and provide a formula for thermal transport subjected to a temperature gradient. Next, we apply the formula to magnons. Assuming a relaxation time approximation and focusing on the linear response regime, we show that the longitudinal thermal conductivity of the QBE exhibits the different behavior from the conventional. The thermal conduc…
