利用SKAO观测宇宙加速时代
Watching the Universe's acceleration era with the SKAO
AI总结：
本研究利用费希尔矩阵分析预测SKAO的红移漂移测量效果，表明其可通过合理观测时长，为低红移宇宙加速时代的实时观测提供有竞争力的宇宙学探测手段。
摘要：
60多年前由Allan Sandage首次设想的、以不依赖模型的方式实时观测宇宙膨胀的可能性——即红移漂移（redshift drift），即将通过未来的天体物理设施实现，尤其是Extremely Large Telescope（ELT，极大望远镜）和Square Kilometre Array Observatory（SKAO，平方公里阵列射电天文台）。后者探测更低的红移，使我们能够实时观测宇宙的加速时代，而前者则针对物质时代进行同类观测。我们采用Fisher Matrix Analysis（费希尔矩阵分析）技术，并证明其所得结果与Markov Chain Monte Carlo（马尔可夫链蒙特卡洛）方法的结果相当，以此讨论SKAO红移漂移测量的预测及其宇宙学影响。我们考虑了特定的基准宇宙学模型，但主要依赖更具不可知论性的宇宙学级数（包含减速参数和加加速度参数），同时还探讨了漂移的漂移（drift of the drift）的测量前景。总体而言，我们的分析表明，在合理的观测时长下，SKAO的测量能够为低红移加速宇宙的研究提供具有竞争力的探测手段。
英文摘要：
The possibility of watching the Universe expand in real time and in a model-independent way, first envisaged by Allan Sandage more than 60 years ago and known as the redshift drift, is within reach of forthcoming astrophysical facilities, particularly the Extremely Large Telescope (ELT) and the Square Kilometre Array Observatory (SKAO). The latter, probing lower redshifts, enables us to watch the Universe's acceleration era in real time, while the former does the same for the matter era. We use Fisher Matrix Analysis techniques, which we show to give comparable results to those of a Markov Chain Monte Carlo approach, to discuss forecasts for SKAO measurements of the redshift drift and their cosmological impact. We consider specific fiducial cosmological models but mainly rely on a more agnostic cosmographic series (which includes the deceleration and jerk parameters), and we also discuss prospects for measurements of the drift of the drift. Overall, our analysis shows that SKAO measurements, with a reasonable amount of observing time, can provide a competitive probe of the low-redshift accelerating Universe.
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