灾害中的数字鸿沟：极端天气事件期间互联网服务中断的空间与社会经济差异研究
Digital Divide in Disasters: Investigating Spatial and Socioeconomic Disparities in Internet Service Disruptions During Extreme Weather Events
AI总结：
本研究以美国哈里斯县为研究区，利用定量观测数据集分析两起极端天气事件中的互联网中断情况，揭示其与灾害严重程度的时间同步性、空间溢出效应及脆弱社区的加剧影响，为公平韧性的基础设施规划提供参考。
摘要：
在高度依赖数字技术的社会中，互联网服务的韧性对于保障持续通信、推进应急响应至关重要。受实证数据限制，目前针对极端天气事件期间互联网服务中断的研究较为有限。为填补这一空白，本研究利用互联网性能观测数据集，对近期两起极端天气事件期间的互联网中断程度进行定量评估。研究以美国哈里斯县为研究区域，联合分析了两起极端天气事件的灾害严重程度及对应的互联网中断情况。结果表明，灾害事件对区域互联网连接造成了显著影响。中断程度与灾害严重程度之间存在明显的时间同步性：随着灾害严重程度加剧，互联网中断情况相应升级，且在灾害结束后最终恢复至基准水平。空间分析显示，即便在未受灾害直接影响的区域，也可能出现互联网服务中断，说明灾害的影响范围超出了直接受灾区。这种时间同步性与空间差异性的相互作用，凸显了灾害严重程度与互联网中断之间的复杂关联。社会人口统计分析表明，本就面临诸多挑战的脆弱社区在灾害事件中会遭遇更严重的服务中断，这凸显了制定优先减灾策略以提升互联网服务韧性的必要性。据我们所知，本研究是首批使用定量观测数据集考察灾害事件期间互联网中断情况的研究之一。研究所得见解对城市管理者具有重要意义，可指导他们开展更具韧性、更公平的基础设施规划。
英文摘要：
The resilience of internet service is crucial for ensuring consistent communication, facilitating emergency response in digitally-dependent society. Due to empirical data constraints, there has been limited research on internet service disruptions during extreme weather events. To bridge this gap, this study utilizes observational datasets on internet performance to quantitatively assess extent of internet disruption during two recent extreme weather events. Taking Harris County in United States as study region, we jointly analyzed the hazard severity and the associated internet disruptions in two extreme weather events. The results show that hazard events significantly impacted regional internet connectivity. There exists a pronounced temporal synchronicity between magnitude of disruption and hazard severity: as severity of hazards intensifies, internet disruptions correspondingly escalate, and eventually return to baseline levels post-event. Spatial analyses show internet service disruptions can happen even in areas not directly impacted by hazards, demonstrating that repercussions of hazards extend beyond immediate area of impact. This interplay of temporal synchronization and spatial variance underscores complex relationships between hazard severity and Internet disruption. Socio-demographic analysis suggests vulnerable communities, already grappling with myriad challenges, face exacerbated service disruptions during hazard events, emphasizing the need for prioritized disaster mitigation strategiesfor improving the resilience of internet services. To the best of our knowledge, this research is among the first studies to examine the Internet disruptions during hazardous events using a quantitative observational dataset. Insights obtained hold significant implications for city administrators, guiding them towards more resilient and equitable infrastructure planning.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
