具有多条洲际连接的自由空间光（FSO）卫星网络中的时延与发射功率权衡
Latency versus Transmission Power Trade-off in Free-Space Optical (FSO) Satellite Networks with Multiple Inter-Continental Connections
AI总结：
本文基于Starlink Phase 1 Version 3星座建立二元整数线性规划，研究多条洲际FSO连接中LISL范围、发射功率与时延的权衡。
摘要：
在通过激光星间链路（LISL）连接卫星的自由空间光卫星网络（FSOSN）中，时延是一个关键因素，尤其是对于长距离洲际连接而言。由于卫星依赖太阳能电池板供电，因此功耗也是一个至关重要的因素。我们在一个真实的FSOSN模型（最新版本的Starlink Phase 1 Version 3星座）中研究了总网络时延（即一个时隙内所有洲际连接的网络时延之和）的最小化问题。针对多条同时存在的洲际连接，我们在不同的LISL范围和不同的卫星发射功率约束下，建立了总网络时延的数学表述。我们采用实用的系统模型来计算网络时延和卫星光链路发射功率，并将该问题表述为一个二元整数线性规划。结果表明，当卫星发射功率上限分别设为0.5 W、0.3 W和0.1 W时，本研究所考察的全部五条洲际连接的平均总网络时延分别稳定在339 ms、361 ms和542 ms。此外，达到这些平均总网络时延值所需的相应LISL范围分别为4500 km、3000 km和1731 km。不同的卫星发射功率限制（在100多个时隙上）对平均总网络时延表现出不同影响，并且还会引起相应LISL范围的不同变化。在不存在卫星发射功率约束的情况下，随着LISL范围从1575 km的最小可行范围扩展到5016 km的最大可行范围，平均总网络时延从589 ms下降到311 ms。
英文摘要：
In free-space optical satellite networks (FSOSNs), satellites connected via laser inter-satellite links (LISLs), latency is a critical factor, especially for long-distance inter-continental connections. Since satellites depend on solar panels for power supply, power consumption is also a vital factor. We investigate the minimization of total network latency (i.e., the sum of the network latencies of all inter-continental connections in a time slot) in a realistic model of a FSOSN, the latest version of the Starlink Phase 1 Version 3 constellation. We develop mathematical formulations of the total network latency over different LISL ranges and different satellite transmission power constraints for multiple simultaneous inter-continental connections. We use practical system models for calculating network latency and satellite optical link transmission power, and we formulate the problem as a binary integer linear program. The results reveal that, for satellite transmission power limits set at 0.5 W, 0.3 W, and 0.1 W, the average total network latency for all five inter-continental connections studied in this work levels off at 339 ms, 361 ms, and 542 ms, respectively. Furthermore, the corresponding LISL ranges required to achieve these average total network latency values are 4500 km, 3000 km, and 1731 km, respectively. Different limitations on satellite transmission power exhibit varying effects on average total network latency (over 100 time slots), and they also induce differing changes in the corresponding LISL ranges. In the absence of satellite transmission power constraints, as the LISL range extends from the minimum feasible range of 1575 km to the maximum feasible range of 5016 km, the average total network latency decreases from 589 ms to 311 ms.
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