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arXiv 2312.03350cs.CV
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PointMoment:用于3D点云的基于混合矩的自监督表征学习

PointMoment:Mixed-Moment-based Self-Supervised Representation Learning for 3D Point Clouds

School of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University(西北大学信息科学与技术学院);National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Cultural Heritage Digitization(文化遗产数字化国家地方联合工程研究中心)

Xin Cao, Xinxin Han, Yifan Wang, Mengna Yang, Kang Li

AI总结:

针对自监督点云表征学习中的模型坍塌问题,提出PointMoment框架,通过高阶混合矩损失增强特征独立性并结合对比学习,在分类和分割任务上优于既有无监督方法。

摘要:

大规模且丰富的数据是有效训练深度神经网络的先决条件。然而,点云数据的不规则性使得人工标注既耗时又费力。自监督表征学习利用大规模无标注数据的内在结构来学习有意义的特征表征,因此在点云研究领域受到越来越多的关注。但是,自监督表征学习经常遭遇模型坍塌,导致所学表征的信息量和多样性下降,进而降低下游任务的性能。为解决这一问题,我们提出了PointMoment,这是一种新颖的点云自监督表征学习框架,它采用高阶混合矩损失函数,而非传统的对比损失函数。此外,我们的框架不需要任何特殊技巧,例如非对称网络架构、梯度停止等。具体而言,我们计算特征变量的高阶混合矩,并迫使它们分解为各自单个矩的乘积,从而使多个变量更加独立,并最小化特征冗余。我们还结合了一种对比学习方法,以最大化同一点云在不同数据增强下的特征不变性。实验结果表明,在3D点云分类和分割的下游任务上,我们的方法优于以往的无监督学习方法。

英文摘要:

Large and rich data is a prerequisite for effective training of deep neural networks. However, the irregularity of point cloud data makes manual annotation time-consuming and laborious. Self-supervised representation learning, which leverages the intrinsic structure of large-scale unlabelled data to learn meaningful feature representations, has attracted increasing attention in the field of point cloud research. However, self-supervised representation learning often suffers from model collapse, resulting in reduced information and diversity of the learned representation, and consequently degrading the performance of downstream tasks. To address this problem, we propose PointMoment, a novel framework for point cloud self-supervised representation learning that utilizes a high-order mixed moment loss function rather than the conventional contrastive loss function. Moreover, our framework does not require any special techniques such as asymmetric network architectures, gradient stopping, etc. Specifically, we calculate the high-order mixed moment of the feature variables and force them to decompose into products of their individual moment, thereby making multiple variables more independent and minimizing the feature redundancy. We also incorporate a contrastive learning approach to maximize the feature invariance under different data augmentations of the same point cloud. Experimental results show that our approach outperforms previous unsupervised learning methods on the downstream task of 3D point cloud classification and segmentation.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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