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Keller-Segel 系统中有限时间爆破的存在性

Existence of finite time blow-up in Keller-Segel system

Federico Buseghin, Juan Davila, Manuel del Pino, Monica Musso

AI总结:

本文证明了 Keller-Segel 趋化系统在质量略大于 $8π$ 时存在有限时间爆破解,并推广了多点稳定爆破动力学的存在性结果。

摘要:

趋化性最经典的扩散模型或许是 Keller-Segel 系统\n$\begin{equation} \begin{cases} u_{t} =Δu - \nabla \cdot(u \nabla v) \\ \\ \\ \text{in } \mathbb{R}^2\times(0,T),\\\\[5pt] v = (-Δ_{\mathbb{R}^2})^{-1} u := \displaystyle\frac {1}{2π} \displaystyle\int_{\mathbb{R}^2} \log \frac {1}{|x-z|}u(z,t) dz, \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ (\star)\\\\[5pt] u(\cdot ,0) = u_{0}^{\star} \ge 0 \\ \\ \\ \text{in } \mathbb{R}^2. \end{cases} \end{equation}$\n我们证明存在 $\varepsilon>0$,使得对于满足 $8π<m\le 8π+\varepsilon$ 的任意 $m$ 以及 $\mathbb{R}^{2}$ 中任意给定的 $k$ 个点 $q_{1},...,q_{k}$,存在 $(\star)$ 的初始数据 $u_0^*$,其解 $u(x,t)$ 在 $t\to T$ 时于有限时间内爆破,且具有近似分布\n$$u(x,t)=\sum_{j=1}^{k}\frac{1}{λ_{j}^{2}(t)}U\left(\frac{x-ξ_{j}(t)}{λ_{j}(t)}\right)(1+o(1)), U(y)=\frac{8}{(1+|y|^{2})^{2}},$$\n其中 $λ_{j}(t) \approx 2e^{-\frac{γ+2}{2}}\sqrt{T-t}e^{-\sqrt{\frac{|\ln(T-t)|}{2}}} $,这里 $γ=0.57721...$ 是 Euler-Mascheroni 常数,$ξ_{j}(t)\to q_{j}\in \mathbb{R}^{2}$,且满足 $\int_{\mathbb{R}^2}u(x,t)dx=km$。该构造推广了最近在 \cite{CGMN1,CGMN2} 中证明的稳定爆破动力学的存在性结果。

英文摘要:

Perhaps the most classical diffusion model for chemotaxis is the Keller-Segel system $\begin{equation} \begin{cases} u_{t} =Δu - \nabla \cdot(u \nabla v) \ \ \ \text{in } \mathbb{R}^2\times(0,T),\\[5pt] v = (-Δ_{\mathbb{R}^2})^{-1} u := \displaystyle\frac {1}{2π} \displaystyle\int_{\mathbb{R}^2} \log \frac {1}{|x-z|}u(z,t) dz, \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ (\star)\\[5pt] u(\cdot ,0) = u_{0}^{\star} \ge 0 \ \ \ \text{in } \mathbb{R}^2. \end{cases} \end{equation}$ We show that there exists $\varepsilon>0$ such that for any $m$ satisfying $8π<m\le 8π+\varepsilon$ and any $k$ given points $q_{1},...,q_{k}$ in $\mathbb{R}^{2}$ there is an initial data $u_0^*$ of $(\star)$ for which the solution $u(x,t)$ blows-up in finite time as $t\to T$ with the approximate profile $$u(x,t)=\sum_{j=1}^{k}\frac{1}{λ_{j}^{2}(t)}U\left(\frac{x-ξ_{j}(t)}{λ_{j}(t)}\right)(1+o(1)), U(y)=\frac{8}{(1+|y|^{2})^{2}},$$ with $λ_{j}(t) \approx 2e^{-\frac{γ+2}{2}}\sqrt{T-t}e^{-\sqrt{\frac{|\ln(T-t)|}{2}}} $ where $γ=0.57721...$ is the Euler-Mascheroni constant, $ξ_{j}(t)\to q_{j}\in \mathbb{R}^{2}$ and such that $\int_{\mathbb{R}^2}u(x,t)dx=km.$ This construction generalizes the existence result of the stable blow-up dynamics recently proved in \cite{CGMN1,CGMN2}.

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