arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2312.01044cs.CL
收藏

大型语言模型是零样本文本分类器

Large Language Models Are Zero-Shot Text Classifiers

Florida Atlantic University(佛罗里达大西洋大学)

Zhiqiang Wang, Yiran Pang, Yanbin Lin

AI总结:

本文验证了GPT等大型语言模型作为零样本文本分类器的能力,通过思维链提示策略在多个数据集上取得优于传统机器学习、深度学习和零样本方法的性能,为缺乏文本分类专业知识的小型团队提供了有效方案。

摘要:

经过再训练的大型语言模型(LLMs)已在自然语言处理(NLP)的各个子领域中得到广泛应用。在NLP中,文本分类问题已获得相当多的关注,但仍面临一些限制,涉及昂贵的计算成本、时间消耗以及对未见类别的鲁棒性能。随着思维链提示(CoT)的提出,LLMs可以通过零样本学习(ZSL)并利用逐步推理提示来实现,而非传统的问答格式。文本分类问题中的零样本LLMs可以通过直接利用预训练模型来预测已见和未见类别,从而缓解这些限制。我们的研究主要验证了GPT模型在文本分类中的能力。我们专注于在各种文本分类场景中有效利用提示策略。此外,我们将零样本LLMs与其他最先进的文本分类方法进行了比较,包括传统机器学习方法、深度学习方法和ZSL方法。实验结果表明,在所分析的四个数据集中,有三个数据集上LLMs的性能凸显了其作为零样本文本分类器的有效性。这种熟练度对于可能在文本分类方面不具备广泛知识的小型企业或团队尤其有利。

英文摘要:

Retrained large language models (LLMs) have become extensively used across various sub-disciplines of natural language processing (NLP). In NLP, text classification problems have garnered considerable focus, but still faced with some limitations related to expensive computational cost, time consumption, and robust performance to unseen classes. With the proposal of chain of thought prompting (CoT), LLMs can be implemented using zero-shot learning (ZSL) with the step by step reasoning prompts, instead of conventional question and answer formats. The zero-shot LLMs in the text classification problems can alleviate these limitations by directly utilizing pretrained models to predict both seen and unseen classes. Our research primarily validates the capability of GPT models in text classification. We focus on effectively utilizing prompt strategies to various text classification scenarios. Besides, we compare the performance of zero shot LLMs with other state of the art text classification methods, including traditional machine learning methods, deep learning methods, and ZSL methods. Experimental results demonstrate that the performance of LLMs underscores their effectiveness as zero-shot text classifiers in three of the four datasets analyzed. The proficiency is especially advantageous for small businesses or teams that may not have extensive knowledge in text classification.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑