受辐射凝聚态系统：多尺度理论、模拟与实验
Condensed Matter Systems Exposed to Radiation: Multiscale Theory, Simulations, and Experiment
AI总结：
本文综述受辐射凝聚态系统这一高度跨学科新领域，指出不同类型受辐照系统的关键辐射效应具有多尺度共性，可依托统一理论与计算方法研究，该领域对新兴技术和医学应用意义重大。
摘要：
本文综述了研究受辐射凝聚态系统行为的新兴高度跨学科研究领域。文章重点介绍了该领域近期进展的若干相关实例，并为未来十年的领域发展提供了路线图。受辐射凝聚态系统的性质可能差异极大，可为无机、有机或生物体系，有限或无限体系，由多种不同分子种类或材料构成，以不同相态（固态、液态、气态或等离子态）存在，并在不同热力学条件下运行。本研究的核心新颖之处在于，尽管此类系统具有巨大多样性，但与受辐照系统行为相关的许多关键现象（如辐射诱导损伤、损伤修复与调控机制、辐射防护等）都极为相似，可基于相同的基础理论原理和计算方法加以理解。上述现象的一个基本特征是其多尺度属性，因为辐射诱导效应的表现发生在从原子尺度到宏观尺度的不同空间和时间尺度上。这些效应的多尺度属性及其在不同起源系统中表现的相似性，必然将物理学、化学、生物学、材料与纳米科学以及生物医学研究等不同学科融合在一起，展现出这些学科之间的众多关联与共性。该研究领域与众多新型新兴技术及医学应用高度相关。
英文摘要：
This paper reviews the new highly interdisciplinary research field studying the behavior of condensed matter systems exposed to radiation. The paper highlights several relevant examples of recent advances in the field and provides a roadmap for the development of the field in the next decade. Condensed matter systems exposed to radiation may have very different natures, being inorganic, organic or biological, finite or infinite, be composed of many different molecular species or materials, existing in different phases (solid, liquid, gaseous or plasma) and operating under different thermodynamic conditions. The essential and novel element of this research is that, despite the vast diversity of such systems, many of the key phenomena related to the behavior of irradiated systems (such as radiation-induced damage, mechanisms of damage repair and control, radiation protection, etc.) are very similar and can be understood based on the same fundamental theoretical principles and computational approaches. One of the essential features of the aforementioned phenomena concerns their multiscale nature as the manifestation of the radiation-induced effects occurring at different spatial and temporal scales ranging from the atomic to the macroscopic. The multiscale nature of the effects and similarity of their manifestation in systems of different origins necessarily brings together different disciplines, such as physics, chemistry, biology, materials and nano-science, and biomedical research, demonstrating numerous interlinks and commonalities between them. This research field is highly relevant to many novel and emerging technologies and medical applications.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
