With increasing complexity of Automated Driving Systems (ADS), ensuring their safety and reliability has become a critical challenge. The Verification and Validation (V&V) of these systems are particularly demanding when AI components are employed to implement perception and/or control functions. In ESA-funded project VIVAS, we developed a generic framework for system-level simulation-based V&V of autonomous systems. The approach is based on a simulation model of the system, an abstract model that describes symbolically the system behavior, and formal methods to generate scenarios and verify the simulation executions. Various coverage criteria can be defined to guide the automated generation of the scenarios.
In this paper, we describe the instantiation of the VIVAS framework for an ADS case study. This is based on the integration of CARLA, a widely-used driving simulator, and its ScenarioRunner tool, which enables the creation of diverse and complex driving scenarios. This is also used in the CARLA Autonomous Driving Challenge to validate different ADS agents for perception and control based on AI, shared by the CARLA community. We describe the development of an abstract ADS model and the formulation of a coverage criterion that focuses on the behaviors of vehicles relative to the vehicle with ADS under verification. Leveraging the VIVAS framework, we generate and execute various driving scenarios, thus testing the capabilities of the AI components. The results show the effectiveness of VIVAS in automatically generating scenarios for system-level simulation-based V&V of an automated driving system using CARLA and ScenarioRunner. Therefore, they highlight the potential of the approach as a powerful tool in the future of ADS V&V methodologies.
A Practical Specification Language for Automatic Quantum Program Verification (Technical Report)
Institute of Information Science, Academia Sinica（中央研究院資訊科学研究所）；Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering, National Taiwan University（国立台湾大学电子工程学研究所）；Faculty of Information Technology, Brno University of Technology（布尔诺理工大学信息技术学院）
Formal Verification of Safety Architectures for Automated Driving
National Institute of Informatics（国立信息学研究所）；National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)（国立先进工业科学技术研究院（AIST））；Japanese-French Laboratory for Informatics（日法信息学实验室）；The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI)（综合研究大学院大学（SOKENDAI））
