优化双分量子比特系统中用于贝尔不等式违背的虚构态
Optimizing Fictitious States for Bell Inequality Violation in Bipartite Qubit Systems
AI总结：
本文研究高能实验中基于统计平均事件构造的“虚构态”与贝尔不等式违背的关系，证明虚构态违背贝尔不等式可推出量子子态同样违背，并证明对角化自旋-自旋关联的基矢是构造虚构态和最大化贝尔不等式违背的最优选择。
摘要：
在高能实验中检验量子纠缠和贝尔不等式违背引起了广泛关注。由于高能实验中的分析是基于相空间上统计平均的事件进行的，用于确定可观测量的态依赖于通过事件相关基矢的坐标选择，因此它们并非真正的量子态，而是“虚构态”。我们证明，如果利用虚构态观测到贝尔不等式违背，那么这同样意味着某个量子子态也存在贝尔不等式违背。我们进一步解析地证明，使自旋-自旋关联对角化的基矢对于构造虚构态以及最大化贝尔不等式违背是最优的。
英文摘要：
There is a significant interest in testing quantum entanglement and Bell inequality violation in high-energy experiments. Since the analyses in high-energy experiments are performed with events statistically averaged over phase space, the states used to determine observables depend on the choice of coordinates through an event-dependent basis and are thus not genuine quantum states, but rather "fictitious states." We prove that if Bell inequality violation is observed with a fictitious state, then it implies the same for a quantum sub-state. We further show analytically that the basis which diagonalizes the spin-spin correlations is optimal for constructing fictitious states, and for maximizing the violation of Bell's inequality.
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