基于临床图像对比的时间高效联合形态学与定量关节MRI——标准化软骨缺损的探索性原位研究
Time-efficient combined morphologic and quantitative joint MRI based on clinical image contrasts -- An exploratory in-situ study of standardized cartilage defects
AI总结：
本研究评估MIXTURE序列在人体膝关节软骨缺损模型中同时提供临床对比形态学图像和T2/T1ρ定量图，与参考TSE序列相比，缺损可辨性和骨纹理无显著差异，且弛豫时间变化敏感，实现时间高效的关节联合评估。
摘要：
目的：定量MRI技术如T2和T1ρ mapping在评估软骨和半月板方面具有优势。我们旨在评估MIXTURE（多交错X预备涡轮自旋回波与直观松弛测量）序列，该序列提供具有临床涡轮自旋回波（TSE）对比的形态学图像以及附加参数图，并与参考TSE序列在人体软骨缺损原位模型中进行比较。材料与方法：前瞻性地，在10个人体尸体膝关节标本（81±10岁，九男一女）的股骨外侧髁上制造了直径8mm、5mm和3mm的标准化软骨缺损。使用临床3T MRI扫描仪和膝关节线圈，在缺损创建前后采集MIXTURE序列，该序列结合（i）质子密度加权脂肪饱和（PD-w FS）图像和T2图，以及（ii）T1加权图像和T1ρ图，同时采集相应的2D TSE和3D TSE参考序列。对缺损可辨性、骨纹理和软骨弛豫时间进行量化。使用适当的参数和非参数检验进行序列间比较。结果：总体而言，MIXTURE序列与参考序列之间的缺损可辨性和纹理特征无显著差异。缺损创建后，股骨中央区域（T2）和所有区域合并（T1ρ）的弛豫时间显著增加。结论：MIXTURE序列允许基于临床图像对比的时间高效同步形态学和定量关节评估。在临床可行的扫描时间内提供T2或T1ρ图的同时，形态学图像特征，即软骨缺损可辨性和骨纹理，在MIXTURE与相应参考序列之间具有可比性。
英文摘要：
OBJECTIVES: Quantitative MRI techniques such as T2 and T1$ρ$ mapping are beneficial in evaluating cartilage and meniscus. We aimed to evaluate the MIXTURE (Multi-Interleaved X-prepared Turbo-Spin Echo with IntUitive RElaxometry) sequences that provide morphologic images with clinical turbo spin-echo (TSE) contrasts and additional parameter maps versus reference TSE sequences in an in-situ model of human cartilage defects. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Prospectively, standardized cartilage defects of 8mm, 5mm, and 3mm diameter were created in the lateral femora of 10 human cadaveric knee specimens (81$\pm$10 years, nine male/one female). Using a clinical 3T MRI scanner and knee coil, MIXTURE sequences combining (i) proton-density weighted fat-saturated (PD-w FS) images and T2 maps and (ii) T1-weighted images and T1$ρ$ maps were acquired before and after defect creation, alongside the corresponding 2D TSE and 3D TSE reference sequences. Defect delineability, bone texture, and cartilage relaxation times were quantified. Inter-sequence comparisons were made using appropriate parametric and non-parametric tests. RESULTS: Overall, defect delineability and texture features were not significantly different between the MIXTURE and reference sequences. After defect creation, relaxation times increased significantly in the central femur (for T2) and all regions combined (for T1$ρ$). CONCLUSION: MIXTURE sequences permit time-efficient simultaneous morphologic and quantitative joint assessment based on clinical image contrasts. While providing T2 or T1$ρ$ maps in clinically feasible scan time, morphologic image features, i.e., cartilage defect delineability and bone texture, were comparable between MIXTURE and corresponding reference sequences.
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