基于表面声波的50自旋伊辛机
A 50-spin surface acoustic wave Ising machine
AI总结：
本文提出一种基于表面声波、FPGA可重编程的50自旋伊辛机，能快速低功耗求解MAX-CUT问题，性能优于光学相干伊辛机，并发现最优耦合强度可实现100%精确解概率。
摘要：
时分复用自旋波伊辛机（SWIM）为组合优化问题的小型化、低成本、低功耗求解开辟了道路。虽然所支持的自旋数量受限于自旋波色散的非线性，但其他集体激发，如表面声波（SAWs），则提供线性色散。在此，我们展示了一种全连接、完全可由FPGA重新编程的、基于表面声波的50自旋伊辛机（SAWIM），其使用50毫米长的铌酸锂SAW延迟线、现成的微波组件和低成本FPGA。SAWIM可在不到340微秒内求解任意耦合矩阵的任何50自旋MAX-CUT问题，仅消耗0.62毫焦耳能量，相当于每秒接近3000个解，品质因数为1610解/瓦/秒。我们将SAWIM的计算结果与100自旋光学相干伊辛机进行比较，发现其解的概率更高。此外，我们证明存在一个自旋间最优的整体耦合强度，在该强度下精确解的概率达到100%。SAWIM展示了固态波基时分复用伊辛机在微波领域的普遍优势，作为商业上可行的高性能组合优化问题求解器的多功能平台。
英文摘要：
Time-multiplexed Spinwave Ising Machines (SWIMs) have unveiled a route towards miniaturized, low-cost, and low-power solvers of combinatorial optimization problems. While the number of supported spins is limited by the nonlinearity of the spinwave dispersion, other collective excitations, such as surface acoustic waves (SAWs), offer a linear dispersion. Here, we demonstrate an all-to-all, fully FPGA reprogrammable, 50-spin surface acoustic wave-based Ising machine (SAWIM), using a 50-mm-long Lithium Niobate SAW delay line, off-the-shelf microwave components, and a low-cost FPGA. The SAWIM can solve any 50-spin MAX-CUT problem, with arbitrary coupling matrices, in less than 340 $μ$s consuming only 0.62 mJ, corresponding to close to 3000 solutions per second and a figure of merit of 1610 solutions/W/s. We compare the SAWIM computational results with those of a 100-spin optical Coherent Ising machine and find a higher probability of solution. Moreover, we demonstrate that there is an optimum overall coupling strength between spins at which the probability of the exact solution reaches 100%. The SAWIM illustrates the general merits of solid state wave-based time-multiplexed Ising machines in the microwave domain as versatile platforms for commercially feasible high-performance solvers of combinatorial optimization problems.
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