欧洲的新闻与虚假信息消费：一项跨国纵向研究视角
News and Misinformation Consumption in Europe: A Longitudinal Cross-Country Perspective
AI总结：
本研究通过分析法德意英四国新闻媒体三年的Twitter数据，从跨国纵向视角探究欧洲新闻与虚假信息消费模式，发现可靠来源占主导但可疑内容仍存在，其受众重叠差异为打击虚假信息提供了针对性参考。
摘要：
互联网与社交媒体改变了新闻的可获取性与可及性，重塑了信息的消费与生产模式。但它们也可能助推虚假信息的快速传播，带来严峻的社会挑战。要有效打击虚假信息，关键在于理解线上信息环境与新闻消费模式。现有研究大多聚焦单一主题或单个国家，缺乏跨国比较。本研究调查了四个欧洲国家的信息消费情况，分析了法国、德国、意大利、英国四国新闻媒体账号为期三年的Twitter活动数据，重点关注虚假信息来源的作用。本研究展现了具有欧洲重要性的议题在不同国家的解读方式。结果显示，可靠来源在信息格局中占主导地位，但不可靠内容仍存在于所有国家和所有议题中。尽管大多数用户关注可靠来源，但仍有小比例用户消费可疑内容。值得注意的是，极少用户拥有混合信息食谱，在相似性网络中搭建起可疑新闻与可靠新闻之间的桥梁。跨国比较揭示了新闻来源受众重叠度的差异，为政策制定者与学者制定有效、针对性的虚假信息打击方案提供了宝贵指导。
英文摘要：
The Internet and social media have transformed news availability and accessibility, reshaping information consumption and production. However, they can also facilitate the rapid spread of misinformation, posing significant societal challenges. To combat misinformation effectively, it is crucial to understand the online information environment and news consumption patterns. Most existing research has primarily focused on single topics or individual countries, lacking cross-country comparisons. This study investigated information consumption in four European countries, analyzing three years of Twitter activity from news outlet accounts in France, Germany, Italy, and the UK and focusing on the role of misinformation sources. Our work offers a perspective on how topics of European significance are interpreted across various countries. Results indicate that reliable sources dominate the information landscape, although unreliable content is still present across all countries and topics. While most users engage with reliable sources, a small percentage consume questionable content. Interestingly, few users have a mixed information diet, bridging the gap between questionable and reliable news in the similarity network. Cross-country comparisons revealed differences in audience overlap of news sources, offering valuable guidance for policymakers and scholars in developing effective and tailored solutions to combat misinformation.
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