二元交流逆流中涡旋数目的自发对称性破缺
Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking of Vortex Number in Binary Alternating Current Countersuperflow
AI总结：
本文结合全息模型与 Gross–Pitaevskii 数值模拟，发现二元交流超流体逆流中涡旋数目会自发不对称，并将其界定为仅见于交流情形的新型连续相变。
摘要：
在二元超流体逆流系统中，当耦合系数和逆流速度超过临界值时，流体动力学不稳定性会导致涡旋成核。在处理两个相同组分时，人们自然会预期所产生的涡旋数目保持相等。然而，通过对全息模型和 Gross–Pitaevskii 方程进行数值实验，我们的研究揭示了一个显著现象：在交流（Alternating Current）逆流系统中，一旦耦合系数和频率超过某些临界值，就会出现令人惊讶的对称性破缺现象。这导致两个组分中的涡旋数目不对称。我们证实，该现象代表一种新型连续相变；如相图所示，它只能在交流逆流中被观察到。我们通过孤子结构对这一有趣现象给出了解释，从而揭示了量子流体不稳定性复杂而独特的特征及其丰富现象。
英文摘要：
In binary superfluid counterflow systems, vortex nucleation arises as a consequence of hydrodynamic instabilities when the coupling coefficient and counterflow velocity exceed the critical value. When dealing with two identical components, one might naturally anticipate that the number of vortices generated would remain equal. However, through the numerical experiments of the holographic model and the Gross-Pitaevskii equation, our investigation has unveiled a remarkable phenomenon: in Alternating Current counterflow systems, once the coupling coefficient and frequency exceed certain critical values, a surprising symmetry-breaking phenomenon occurs. This results in an asymmetry in the number of vortices in the two components. We establish that this phenomenon represents a novel continuous phase transition, which, as indicated by the phase diagram, is exclusively observable in Alternating Current counterflow. We provide an explanation for this intriguing phenomenon through soliton structures, thereby uncovering the complex and unique characteristics of quantum fluid instabilities and their rich phenomena.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
