使用投入产出模型分析美国宽带基础设施补贴和投资计划对GDP的贡献
The contribution of US broadband infrastructure subsidy and investment programs to GDP using input-output modeling
AI总结：
本研究构建投入产出模型评估美国《两党基础设施法》宽带投资计划对宏观经济的结构性影响，发现其最高可为GDP增加1273亿美元并创造23万就业岗位。
摘要：
尽管宽带被公认为优效品，但仍有超过五分之一的美国人口未订阅固定宽带服务。例如，年收入超过7万美元的公民中只有不到4%没有宽带，而年收入低于2万美元的公民中这一比例高达26%。为解决这一问题，联邦政府通过《两党基础设施法》实施了有史以来规模最大的宽带投资计划之一，旨在消除这一差距并将宽带连接扩展至所有公民。我们考察了美国各州的宽带可用性、普及率和需求，随后构建了一个投入产出模型，以探讨宽带支出对国内生产总值（GDP）和供应链联系的潜在结构性宏观经济影响。在宏观经济影响方面，该计划对美国GDP的潜在间接总贡献分别高达848亿美元、327亿美元和97.8亿美元，对应Broadband Equity, Access, and Deployment计划、Affordable Connectivity Program以及额外计划。因此，总体而言，宽带分配可使美国GDP最高增加1273亿美元（占未来五年美国年度GDP的0.10%）。此外，《两党基础设施法》中的宽带一揽子计划可创造多达23万个就业岗位（劳动力市场增长0.14%
英文摘要：
More than one-fifth of the US population does not subscribe to a fixed broadband service despite broadband being a recognized merit good. For example, less than 4% of citizens earning more than US \$70k annually do not have broadband, compared to 26% of those earning below US \$20k annually. To address this, the federal government has undertaken one of the largest broadband investment programs ever via The Bipartisan Infrastructure Law, with the aim of addressing this disparity and expanding broadband connectivity to all citizens. We examine broadband availability, adoption, and need for each US state, and then construct an Input-Output model to explore the potential structural macroeconomic impacts of broadband spending on Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and supply chain linkages. In terms of macroeconomic impact, the total potential indirect contribution to US GDP by the program could be as high as US \$84.8 billion, \$32.7 billion, and \$9.78 billion for the Broadband Equity, Access, and Deployment program, the Affordable Connectivity Program, and additional programs, respectively. Thus, overall, the broadband allocations could expand US GDP by up to US \$127.3 billion (0.10% of annual US GDP over the next five years). Moreover, the broadband packages within the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law could create up to 230,000 jobs (0.14% labor market increase). We contribute one of the first economic impact assessments of the US Bipartisan Infrastructure Law to the literature.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
