RT-SRTS：从单张X射线投影中实现角度无关的实时同步三维重建与肿瘤分割
RT-SRTS: Angle-Agnostic Real-Time Simultaneous 3D Reconstruction and Tumor Segmentation from Single X-Ray Projection
AI总结：
本文提出RT-SRTS方法，通过多任务学习将三维重建与肿瘤分割集成于单一网络，实现任意角度单张X射线投影下约70毫秒的实时同步重建与分割，并引入AEC和URE模块提升精度。
摘要：
放射治疗是肿瘤的主要治疗手段之一，但呼吸引起的器官运动限制了其精度。近年来，基于单张X射线投影的三维成像作为一种有前景的解决方案受到了广泛关注。然而，现有方法只能重建三维图像而无法直接定位肿瘤，并且仅在固定角度成像条件下得到验证，无法完全满足放射治疗中运动控制的需求。本研究提出了一种新颖的成像方法RT-SRTS，该方法基于多任务学习（MTL）将三维成像与肿瘤分割集成到一个网络中，能够在任意角度下从单张X射线投影中实时同步完成三维重建和肿瘤分割。此外，还提出了注意力增强校准器（AEC）和不确定区域细化（URE）模块，以辅助特征提取并提高分割精度。所提方法在15例患者病例上进行了评估，并与三种最先进的方法进行了比较。它不仅提供了更优越的三维重建效果，还展示了值得称赞的肿瘤分割结果。同步重建与分割可在约70毫秒内完成，显著快于实时肿瘤跟踪所需的时间阈值。AEC和URE的有效性也在消融研究中得到了验证。本工作的代码可在https://github.com/ZywooSimple/RT-SRTS获取。
英文摘要：
Radiotherapy is one of the primary treatment methods for tumors, but the organ movement caused by respiration limits its accuracy. Recently, 3D imaging from a single X-ray projection has received extensive attention as a promising approach to address this issue. However, current methods can only reconstruct 3D images without directly locating the tumor and are only validated for fixed-angle imaging, which fails to fully meet the requirements of motion control in radiotherapy. In this study, a novel imaging method RT-SRTS is proposed which integrates 3D imaging and tumor segmentation into one network based on multi-task learning (MTL) and achieves real-time simultaneous 3D reconstruction and tumor segmentation from a single X-ray projection at any angle. Furthermore, the attention enhanced calibrator (AEC) and uncertain-region elaboration (URE) modules have been proposed to aid feature extraction and improve segmentation accuracy. The proposed method was evaluated on fifteen patient cases and compared with three state-of-the-art methods. It not only delivers superior 3D reconstruction but also demonstrates commendable tumor segmentation results. Simultaneous reconstruction and segmentation can be completed in approximately 70 ms, significantly faster than the required time threshold for real-time tumor tracking. The efficacies of both AEC and URE have also been validated in ablation studies. The code of work is available at https://github.com/ZywooSimple/RT-SRTS.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
