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arXiv 2310.02435cs.MAcs.AI
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面向大规模交通信号控制的基于表征通信的多智能体强化学习

Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning Based on Representational Communication for Large-Scale Traffic Signal Control

Northeastern University(东北大学);Khoury College of Computer Sciences(胡里计算机学院)

Rohit Bokade, Xiaoning Jin, Christopher Amato

AI总结:

针对大规模交通信号控制中全量通信易增噪降效的问题,提出一种可学习选择性收发可变长度消息的分布式MARL框架,在合成与真实路网上均实现更低拥堵,验证了通信策略的有效性。

摘要:

交通信号控制(TSC)是智能交通系统中的一项挑战性问题,已有研究采用多智能体强化学习(MARL)对其进行求解。集中式方法通常难以适用于大规模TSC问题,而分布式方法虽具备可扩展性,却也带来了部分可观测性等新挑战。通信在分布式MARL中起着关键作用,因为智能体必须学会通过消息交换信息,以更好地理解系统并实现有效协调。深度MARL已被用于通过可微分方式学习通信协议,从而实现智能体间通信。然而,许多针对TSC提出的深度MARL通信框架允许智能体始终与所有其他智能体通信,这会增加系统中已有的噪声并降低整体性能。在本研究中,我们提出了一种面向大规模TSC的基于通信的MARL框架。我们的框架允许每个智能体学习一种通信策略,该策略决定将消息的“哪一部分”发送“给谁”。从本质上讲,我们的框架使智能体能够选择性地选择消息接收方,并与它们交换可变长度的消息。这形成了一种分布式且灵活的通信机制,智能体仅在必要时才会有效使用通信信道。我们设计了两种路网:一种是合成的4×4网格路网,另一种是基于博洛尼亚Pasubio社区的真实路网。与相关方法相比,我们的框架实现了最低的路网拥堵度,此时智能体仅使用了约47%-65%的通信信道。消融研究进一步证明了在我们的框架内学习到的通信策略的有效性。

英文摘要:

Traffic signal control (TSC) is a challenging problem within intelligent transportation systems and has been tackled using multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL). While centralized approaches are often infeasible for large-scale TSC problems, decentralized approaches provide scalability but introduce new challenges, such as partial observability. Communication plays a critical role in decentralized MARL, as agents must learn to exchange information using messages to better understand the system and achieve effective coordination. Deep MARL has been used to enable inter-agent communication by learning communication protocols in a differentiable manner. However, many deep MARL communication frameworks proposed for TSC allow agents to communicate with all other agents at all times, which can add to the existing noise in the system and degrade overall performance. In this study, we propose a communication-based MARL framework for large-scale TSC. Our framework allows each agent to learn a communication policy that dictates "which" part of the message is sent "to whom". In essence, our framework enables agents to selectively choose the recipients of their messages and exchange variable length messages with them. This results in a decentralized and flexible communication mechanism in which agents can effectively use the communication channel only when necessary. We designed two networks, a synthetic $4 \times 4$ grid network and a real-world network based on the Pasubio neighborhood in Bologna. Our framework achieved the lowest network congestion compared to related methods, with agents utilizing $\sim 47-65 \%$ of the communication channel. Ablation studies further demonstrated the effectiveness of the communication policies learned within our framework.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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