浸没于等离子体中的发射阴极：等离子体-阴极相互作用、运行与稳定性
Emissive cathode immersed in a plasma: plasma-cathode interactions, operation and stability
AI总结：
针对浸没于磁化等离子体中的多晶钨发射阴极，本文结合实验测量与热建模揭示等离子体-阴极耦合导致的非均匀升温及电流发散失稳机制。
摘要：
本文通过实验和数值方法研究了浸没在磁化等离子体柱中的多晶钨发射阴极的热电子发射。对阴极温度的电学和光学测量表明，由于等离子体-阴极相互作用，阴极温度分布高度不均匀。具有空间和时间分辨能力的阴极温度分布使人们能够深入理解热电子电流，并与实验数据高度吻合。等离子体-阴极耦合导致沿阴极的温度急剧且不均匀地升高，最终可能造成阴极运行不稳定，并伴随电流的发散式增长。详细的热模型精确复现了实验测量结果，并能够准确量化浸没在等离子体中的阴极运行过程中各种加热和冷却机制的相对重要性。对所得积分-微分方程的数值求解突出了非均匀欧姆加热的关键作用以及离子轰击加热在不稳定机制出现中的重要性。详细的热建模能够预测运行机制，且与实验结果高度一致。
英文摘要：
Thermionic emission from a polycrystalline tungsten emissive cathode immersed in a magnetized plasma column is investigated experimentally and numerically. Electrical and optical measurements of the cathode temperature show a highly inhomogeneous cathode temperature profile due to plasma-cathode interactions. The spatially and temporally resolved cathode temperature profile provides an in-depth understanding of the thermionic electron current, in excellent agreement with experimental data. The plasma-cathode coupling leads to a sharp and heterogeneous rise in temperature along the cathode, which can eventually lead to unstable cathode operation, with divergent current growth. A detailed thermal modeling accurately reproduces the experimental measurements, and allows to quantify precisely the relative importance of heating and cooling mechanisms in the operation of the cathode immersed in the plasma. Numerical resolution of the resulting integro-differential equation highlights the essential role of heterogeneous ohmic heating and the importance of ion bombardment heating in the emergence of unstable regimes. Detailed thermal modelling enables operating regimes to be predicted in excellent agreement with experimental results.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
