利用旋转机架体积成像仪实现高帧率动态光声层析成像的时空图像重建
Spatiotemporal Image Reconstruction to Enable High-Frame Rate Dynamic Photoacoustic Tomography with Rotating-Gantry Volumetric Imagers
AI总结：
针对市售旋转机架体积PACT成像仪逐次采集导致的动态成像数据不完整问题，提出基于低秩矩阵估计的时空图像重建方法，可利用单帧单次层析测量实现0.1秒帧率的四维动态成像，推动临床前研究发展。
摘要：
研究意义：动态光声计算机断层扫描（PACT）是监测生理过程的一项重要技术。但当前的动态PACT技术通常局限于二维空间成像。虽然体积PACT成像仪已有市售产品，但这类系统普遍采用旋转机架，层析数据是逐次采集的。由于成像对象在数据采集过程中会发生变化，这种逐次采集方式会带来数据不完整相关的图像重建难题。本研究提出的方法意义重大，可解决上述挑战，利用现有成像仪实现体积动态PACT成像。研究目的：本研究旨在开发一种适用于动态PACT的时空图像重建（STIR）方法，可应用于采用逐次扫描策略的市售体积PACT成像仪，旨在克服每帧采集到的层析测量数量有限带来的挑战。研究方法：提出了一种基于低秩矩阵估计的STIR方法（LRME-STIR）以实现动态体积PACT，该方法利用时空冗余性来精确重建四维时空图像。研究结果：数值研究证实了LRME-STIR方法从旋转机架采集的测量数据中重建四维动态图像的有效性。实验研究表明，即便每帧仅能获得单次层析测量，该方法仍能以0.1秒的帧率忠实恢复造影剂的流动过程。研究结论：LRME-STIR方法为利用市售体积成像仪实现四维动态成像所面临的挑战提供了极具前景的解决方案，通过实现精确的四维重建，该方法有望推动临床前研究的发展。
英文摘要：
Significance: Dynamic photoacoustic computed tomography (PACT) is a valuable technique for monitoring physiological processes. However, current dynamic PACT techniques are often limited to 2D spatial imaging. While volumetric PACT imagers are commercially available, these systems typically employ a rotating gantry in which the tomographic data are sequentially acquired. Because the object varies during the data-acquisition process, the sequential data-acquisition poses challenges to image reconstruction associated with data incompleteness. The proposed method is highly significant in that it will address these challenges and enable volumetric dynamic PACT imaging with existing imagers. Aim: The aim of this study is to develop a spatiotemporal image reconstruction (STIR) method for dynamic PACT that can be applied to commercially available volumetric PACT imagers that employ a sequential scanning strategy. The proposed method aims to overcome the challenges caused by the limited number of tomographic measurements acquired per frame. Approach: A low-rank matrix estimation-based STIR method (LRME-STIR) is proposed to enable dynamic volumetric PACT. The LRME-STIR method leverages the spatiotemporal redundancies to accurately reconstruct a 4D spatiotemporal image. Results: The numerical studies substantiate the LRME-STIR method's efficacy in reconstructing 4D dynamic images from measurements acquired with a rotating gantry. The experimental study demonstrates the method's ability to faithfully recover the flow of a contrast agent at a frame rate of 0.1 s even when only a single tomographic measurement per frame is available. Conclusions: The LRME-STIR method offers a promising solution to the challenges faced by enabling 4D dynamic imaging using commercially available volumetric imagers. By enabling accurate 4D reconstruction, this method has the potential to advance preclinical research.
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