DECam黄道探索项目（DEEP）IV：对明亮TNOs形状分布的约束
The DECam Ecliptic Exploration Project (DEEP) IV: Constraints on the shape distribution of bright TNOs
AI总结：
本文介绍了DEEP巡天第一年发现并测量26颗明亮TNOs的方法，通过蒙特卡洛建模光变曲线振幅分布，发现TNO群体平均轴比b/a < 0.5，以接触双星等非球形天体为主，且双星比例可能与大小相关。
摘要：
我们介绍了在DECam黄道探索项目（DEEP）第一年（2019-20）期间，发现并测量26颗明亮（VR > 24）海王星外天体（TNOs）的方法和结果。DEEP巡天是一项具有广阔天区覆盖、高灵敏度和快速测光节奏的TNO观测巡天。我们应用一种称为渐进概率霍夫变换的计算机视觉技术，在DEEP测光星表中识别线性运动的瞬变源。经过后续人工筛选，我们提供了TNOs的测光和天体测量星表。通过使用蒙特卡洛技术对DEEP TNOs的部分光变曲线振幅分布进行建模，我们发现数据最符合平均TNO轴比b/a < 0.5，表明该群体以非球形天体为主。基于椭球引力稳定性论证，我们发现数据与包含高比例接触双星或其他极度非球形天体的TNO群体相一致。我们还讨论了我们的数据作为证据，表明TNOs的预期双星比例可能与大小相关。
英文摘要：
We present the methods and results from the discovery and photometric measurement of 26 bright (VR $>$ 24 trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) during the first year (2019-20) of the DECam Ecliptic Exploration Project (DEEP). The DEEP survey is an observational TNO survey with wide sky coverage, high sensitivity, and a fast photometric cadence. We apply a computer vision technique known as a progressive probabilistic Hough transform to identify linearly-moving transient sources within DEEP photometric catalogs. After subsequent visual vetting, we provide a photometric and astrometric catalog of our TNOs. By modeling the partial lightcurve amplitude distribution of the DEEP TNOs using Monte Carlo techniques, we find our data to be most consistent with an average TNO axis ratio b/a $<$ 0.5, implying a population dominated by non-spherical objects. Based on ellipsoidal gravitational stability arguments, we find our data to be consistent with a TNO population containing a high fraction of contact binaries or other extremely non-spherical objects. We also discuss our data as evidence that the expected binarity fraction of TNOs may be size-dependent.
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