体耗散量子系统中由算符扩展引起的加速衰减
Accelerated Decay due to Operator Spreading in Bulk-Dissipated Quantum Systems
AI总结：
本文研究了马尔可夫开放多体量子系统在渐近长时间区域之前的弛豫动力学，引入瞬时衰减率表征瞬态弛豫，并提出体耗散系统因算符扩展引起的量子信息置乱会在渐近区域前表现出加速衰减。
摘要：
马尔可夫开放多体量子系统表现出复杂的弛豫动力学。Liouvillian的谱隙表征了向稳态逼近的渐近衰减率，但最近指出，谱隙并不一定决定整体弛豫时间。我们对渐近长时间区域之前弛豫过程的理解仍然有限。我们在此提出稳态中自相关函数的集体弛豫动力学。作为分析中的关键量，我们引入了瞬时衰减率，它表征瞬态弛豫并在长时间极限下收敛于常规的渐近衰减率。我们的理论预测，由于与算符扩展相关的量子信息置乱，体耗散系统通常在渐近区域之前表现出加速衰减。
英文摘要：
Markovian open many-body quantum systems display complicated relaxation dynamics. The spectral gap of the Liouvillian characterizes the asymptotic decay rate towards the stationary state, but it has recently been pointed out that the spectral gap does not necessarily determine the overall relaxation time. Our understanding on the relaxation process before the asymptotically long-time regime is still limited. We here present a collective relaxation dynamics of autocorrelation functions in the stationary state. As a key quantity in the analysis, we introduce the instantaneous decay rate, which characterizes the transient relaxation and converges to the conventional asymptotic decay rate in the long-time limit. Our theory predicts that a bulk-dissipated system generically shows an accelerated decay before the asymptotic regime due to the scrambling of quantum information associated with the operator spreading.
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