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arXiv 2309.03476cs.RO
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使用概率控制屏障证书的无遮挡基于图像的视觉伺服

Occlusion-Free Image Based Visual Servoing using Probabilistic Control Barrier Certificates

University of North Carolina at Charlotte(北卡罗来纳大学夏洛特分校)

Yanze Zhang, Yupeng Yang, Wenhao Luo

AI总结:

针对 IBVS 中特征点遮挡导致伺服失败的问题,提出融合 PrCBC 与 MPC 的控制器,在噪声不确定性下以预定概率保证无遮挡并完成视觉伺服。

摘要:

基于图像的视觉伺服(IBVS)是机器人学中一种广泛使用的方法,它利用视觉信息引导机器人到达期望位置。然而,该方法中的遮挡会导致视觉伺服失败,并且由于对提供视觉反馈至关重要的视觉特征点受到阻碍,控制性能会下降。本文提出一种基于控制屏障函数(CBF)的控制器,通过自动调整机器人构型,使特征点保持在视野内并远离障碍物,从而实现无遮挡的 IBVS 任务。具体而言,为考虑特征点的测量噪声,我们利用控制屏障函数开发了概率控制屏障证书(PrCBC),将不确定性下的机会约束遮挡规避约束编码为机器人的确定性容许控制空间;由此得到的机器人构型可确保特征点以令人满意的预定义概率保持不被障碍物遮挡。通过将这些约束与模型预测控制(MPC)框架集成,可以推导得到优化控制输入序列,在机器人运动过程中强制实现遮挡规避的同时完成主要 IBVS 任务。本文提供了仿真结果,以验证所提方法的性能。

英文摘要:

Image-based visual servoing (IBVS) is a widely-used approach in robotics that employs visual information to guide robots towards desired positions. However, occlusions in this approach can lead to visual servoing failure and degrade the control performance due to the obstructed vision feature points that are essential for providing visual feedback. In this paper, we propose a Control Barrier Function (CBF) based controller that enables occlusion-free IBVS tasks by automatically adjusting the robot's configuration to keep the feature points in the field of view and away from obstacles. In particular, to account for measurement noise of the feature points, we develop the Probabilistic Control Barrier Certificates (PrCBC) using control barrier functions that encode the chance-constrained occlusion avoidance constraints under uncertainty into deterministic admissible control space for the robot, from which the resulting configuration of robot ensures that the feature points stay occlusion free from obstacles with a satisfying predefined probability. By integrating such constraints with a Model Predictive Control (MPC) framework, the sequence of optimized control inputs can be derived to achieve the primary IBVS task while enforcing the occlusion avoidance during robot movements. Simulation results are provided to validate the performance of our proposed method.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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