FIM：基于滑动丝理论的疲劳-损伤肌肉模型
FIM: A fatigued-injured muscle model based on the sliding filament theory
AI总结：
本研究提出一种基于Huxley模型的疲劳-损伤骨骼肌模型，通过修改肌动蛋白-肌球蛋白结合速率和引入钙离子激活系数，量化了pH、Pi和Ca2+变化对肌肉力量、功率和硬度的影响。
摘要：
骨骼肌建模在运动研究和治疗方法开发中起着至关重要的作用。在本研究中，提出了一种基于Huxley模型的骨骼肌模型，该模型展示了肌肉特性受损的影响。该模型关注三种已识别的离子：H+、无机磷酸盐Pi和Ca2+。对肌动蛋白-肌球蛋白的结合和解离速率进行了修改，以研究H+和Pi的影响。此外，引入了一个激活系数来表示钙离子与肌钙蛋白相互作用的作用，强调了Ca2+的重要性。研究发现，最大等长肌力因pH从7.4降至6.5而下降9.5%，而在pH降低和Pi浓度增加至30 mM的组合情况下，最大等长肌力下降47.5%。随后，研究了由活性钙离子减少引起的力下降。当肌原纤维空间中仅15%的总钙能够与肌钙蛋白相互作用时，模型预测力下降高达80%。所提出的疲劳-损伤肌肉模型有助于研究不同缩短速度和初始肌肉-肌腱长度对肌肉力量的影响；此外，该模型的好处不仅限于预测不同条件下的力量，还可以预测肌肉硬度和功率。由于pH降低，功率和硬度分别下降40%和6.5%，而H+和Pi的同时积累导致功率和硬度分别下降50%和18%。
英文摘要：
Skeletal muscle modeling has a vital role in movement studies and the development of therapeutic approaches. In the current study, a Huxley-based model for skeletal muscle is proposed, which demonstrates the impact of impairments in muscle characteristics. This model focuses on three identified ions: H + , inorganic phosphate Pi and Ca 2+. Modifications are made to actin-myosin attachment and detachment rates to study the effects of H + and Pi. Additionally, an activation coefficient is included to represent the role of calcium ions interacting with troponin, highlighting the importance of Ca 2+. It is found that maximum isometric muscle force decreases by 9.5% due to a reduction in pH from 7.4 to 6.5 and by 47.5% in case of the combination of a reduction in pH and an increase of Pi concentration up to 30 mM, respectively. Then the force decline caused by a fall in the active calcium ions is studied. When only 15% of the total calcium in the myofibrillar space is able to interact with troponin, up to 80% force drop is anticipated by the model. The proposed fatigued-injured muscle model is useful to study the effect of various shortening velocities and initial muscletendon lengths on muscle force; in addition, the benefits of the model go beyond predicting the force in different conditions as it can also predict muscle stiffness and power. The power and stiffness decrease by 40% and 6.5%, respectively, due to the pH reduction, and the simultaneous accumulation of H + and Pi leads to a 50% and 18% drop in power and stiffness.
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