arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2308.09720cs.AIcs.CLcs.LG
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论大型语言模型的意外能力

On the Unexpected Abilities of Large Language Models

Stefano Nolfi

AI总结:

本文综述大型语言模型在“下一词预测”训练之外涌现的认知能力,分析其间接获得机制、相关影响因素及能力可预测性。

摘要:

大型语言模型(LLM)能够展现出广泛的能力,而这些能力与其训练任务——预测人类撰写文本中的下一个词——并无直接关联。在本文中,我综述了近期研究,这些研究考察了LLM发展出的认知能力及其与人类认知的关系。我讨论了促使这些认知能力获得的间接过程的本质、它们与其他间接过程的关系,以及对整合能力获得的启示。此外,我提出了使那些与训练任务的近端目标仅存在非常间接联系的能力得以发展的因素。最后,我讨论了LLM可能发展出的全部能力集合是否可以预测。

英文摘要:

Large Language Models (LLMs) are capable of displaying a wide range of abilities that are not directly connected with the task for which they are trained: predicting the next words of human-written texts. In this article, I review recent research investigating the cognitive abilities developed by LLMs and their relation to human cognition. I discuss the nature of the indirect process that leads to the acquisition of these cognitive abilities, their relation to other indirect processes, and the implications for the acquisition of integrated abilities. Moreover, I propose the factors that enable the development of abilities that are related only very indirectly to the proximal objective of the training task. Finally, I discuss whether the full set of capabilities that LLMs could possibly develop is predictable.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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