基于中位高程区域分层计算的低空间分辨率等高线地图高空间分辨率陆地表面生成
Generation of High Spatial Resolution Terrestrial Surface from Low Spatial Resolution Elevation Contour Maps via Hierarchical Computation of Median Elevation Regions
AI总结：
本研究提出一种基于中位高程区域分层计算的形态学方法，可将稀疏DEM转换为高分辨率稠密DEM，经合成数据和华盛顿山等高线实验验证，该方法低成本且鲁棒性强。
摘要：
我们提出了一种简单有效的形态学方法，可将稀疏数字高程模型（Digital Elevation Model，DEM）转换为稠密数字高程模型，该转换过程类似于从低分辨率DEM生成高分辨率DEM的过程。该方法通过生成中位等高线实现目标，包含三个连续步骤：一、将现有稀疏等高线地图分解为最大可能的阈值高程区域（Threshold Elevation Region，TERs）；二、在从稀疏等高线地图分解得到的相邻TER之间，分层计算所有可能的非负非加权中位高程区域（Median Elevation Region，MER）；三、计算此前步骤得到的所有TER和MER的梯度，即可生成空间分辨率更高的预测中间高程等高线。我们首先用自制合成数据展示了该等高线预测方法的运行原理，随后用美国新罕布什尔州华盛顿山的现有等高线地图开展实验，验证了方法的实用性。该方法利用现有等高线的几何信息，在地形表面的新空间区域内插值生成高程等高线，直至无需再生成新的高程等高线为止。这种新颖方法因基于等高线实现，还具备低成本、鲁棒性强的特点。
英文摘要：
We proposed a simple yet effective morphological approach to convert a sparse Digital Elevation Model (DEM) to a dense Digital Elevation Model. The conversion is similar to that of the generation of high-resolution DEM from its low-resolution DEM. The approach involves the generation of median contours to achieve the purpose. It is a sequential step of the I) decomposition of the existing sparse Contour map into the maximum possible Threshold Elevation Region (TERs). II) Computing all possible non-negative and non-weighted Median Elevation Region (MER) hierarchically between the successive TER decomposed from a sparse contour map. III) Computing the gradient of all TER, and MER computed from previous steps would yield the predicted intermediate elevation contour at a higher spatial resolution. We presented this approach initially with some self-made synthetic data to show how the contour prediction works and then experimented with the available contour map of Washington, NH to justify its usefulness. This approach considers the geometric information of existing contours and interpolates the elevation contour at a new spatial region of a topographic surface until no elevation contours are necessary to generate. This novel approach is also very low-cost and robust as it uses elevation contours.
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