剪切载荷下用于糖尿病足溃疡预防的人足跟有限元模型的定义与评估
Definition and evaluation of a finite element model of the human heel for diabetic foot ulcer prevention under shearing loads
AI总结：
针对糖尿病足溃疡预防，本文构建人足跟有限元模型，通过实验曲线拟合软组织本构关系，并利用DVC与多组文献模型对比验证其应变预测能力。
摘要：
糖尿病足溃疡由施加于足底皮肤表面的机械载荷引发。应变被认为在溃疡病因学中起着关键作用，并可通过有限元（FE）建模进行评估。生成这些模型的一个难点是软组织材料属性的选择。在已有文献中，许多研究试图通过实施在力学响应方面可能存在显著差异的本构定律来模拟足跟软组织的行为。此外，当前的FE模型缺乏适当的评估技术，无法估计其模拟真实应变的能力。在本文中，我们提出并评估了一种用于糖尿病足溃疡预防的人足跟FE模型。软组织本构定律通过拟合文献中发表的实验拉伸-应力曲线来定义。随后，基于非刚性三维磁共振图像配准的数字体积相关（DVC）技术对该模型进行评估。FE分析和DVC的结果显示，脂肪垫中的应变位置以及应变强度会根据施加载荷的类型呈现相似性。为进行额外比较，将文献中发表的不同本构模型集合应用于所提出的FE网格，并在相同边界条件下进行模拟。在这种情况下，应变方面的结果在位置和强度上表现出很大差异，表明应开展更多研究以深入了解这些组织的力学属性。
英文摘要：
Diabetic foot ulcers are triggered by mechanical loadings applied to the surface of the plantar skin. Strain is considered to play a crucial role in relation to ulcer etiology and can be assessed by Finite Element (FE) modelling. A difficulty in the generation of these models is the choice of the soft tissue material properties. In the literature, many studies attempt to model the behavior of the heel soft tissues by implementing constitutive laws that can differ significantly in terms of mechanical response. Moreover, current FE models lack of proper evaluation techniques that could estimate their ability to simulate realistic strains. In this article, we propose and evaluate a FE model of the human heel for diabetic foot ulcer prevention. Soft tissue constitutive laws are defined through the fitting of experimental stretch-stress curves published in the literature. The model is then evaluated through Digital Volume Correlation (DVC) based on non-rigid 3D Magnetic Resonance Image Registration. The results from FE analysis and DVC show similar strain locations in the fat pad and strain intensities according to the type of applied loads. For additional comparisons, different sets of constitutive models published in the literature are applied into the proposed FE mesh and simulated with the same boundary conditions. In this case, the results in terms of strains show great diversity in locations and intensities, suggesting that more research should be developed to gain insight into the mechanical properties of these tissues.
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