在 GCM THOR 中使用非灰辐射传输检验热木星区域的 NHD 与 QHD
Examining NHD vs QHD in the GCM THOR with non-grey radiative transfer for the hot Jupiter regime
AI总结：
本研究在 GCM THOR 中利用非灰辐射传输方案，比较了准原始动力学方程（QHD）与深层 Navier-Stokes 方程（NHD）对热木星气候模拟的影响，发现低重力、高自转或高温下两者结果显著不同，揭示了动力学方程选择对非类地行星气候模拟的重要性。
摘要：
全球环流模型（GCMs）在当代系外行星大气研究中发挥着重要作用。不同的 GCMs 演化不同的动力学方程组，这可能导致模型间得到不同的大气性质。在本研究中，我们调查了不同动力学方程组对热木星系外行星大气的影响。我们在 GCM THOR 中比较了使用准原始动力学方程（QHD）和深层 Navier-Stokes 方程（NHD）的 GCM 模拟。我们利用双流非灰“栅栏”方案来提高辐射传输计算的真实性。我们执行了涵盖系外行星族群中广泛系统参数范围网格的 GCM 模拟。结果表明，在较低重力、较高自转速率或较高辐射温度下，NHD 和 QHD 方程组的模拟结果存在显著差异。所选参数范围表明，根据系统和行星属性选择动力学方程组具有相关性。结果显示，热木星的气候状态似乎非常多样，顺行超自转的例外情况经常发生。总体而言，本研究展示了仅由于 Navier-Stokes 方程和近似的不同选择而产生的不同气候状态的演化。我们展示了用于地球的近似在应用于非类地行星时表现出的发散行为。
英文摘要：
Global circulation models (GCMs) play an important role in contemporary investigations of exoplanet atmospheres. Different GCMs evolve various sets of dynamical equations which can result in obtaining different atmospheric properties between models. In this study, we investigate the effect of different dynamical equation sets on the atmospheres of hot Jupiter exoplanets. We compare GCM simulations using the quasi-primitive dynamical equations (QHD) and the deep Navier-Stokes equations (NHD) in the GCM THOR. We utilise a two-stream non-grey "picket-fence" scheme to increase the realism of the radiative transfer calculations. We perform GCM simulations covering a wide parameter range grid of system parameters in the population of exoplanets. Our results show significant differences between simulations with the NHD and QHD equation sets at lower gravity, higher rotation rates or at higher irradiation temperatures. The chosen parameter range shows the relevance of choosing dynamical equation sets dependent on system and planetary properties. Our results show the climate states of hot Jupiters seem to be very diverse, where exceptions to prograde superrotation can often occur. Overall, our study shows the evolution of different climate states which arise just due to different selections of Navier-Stokes equations and approximations. We show the divergent behaviour of approximations used in GCMs for Earth, but applied for non Earth-like planets.
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