PTA信号的畴壁解释与黑洞过量产生的冲突
Domain wall interpretation of the PTA signal confronting black hole overproduction
AI总结：
本文通过贝叶斯分析将PTA信号解释为畴壁网络产生的随机引力波背景，发现畴壁坍缩会形成太阳质量原初黑洞，其双星合并将在千赫兹频段产生可观测的二次引力波背景。
摘要：
近期，脉冲星计时阵列（PTA）合作组在纳赫兹频段探测到了随机引力波背景（SGWB），并提出了畴壁网络作为潜在来源。为了符合宇宙学要求，它们必须在主导宇宙能量预算之前湮灭，从而产生SGWB。尽管亚视界畴壁会迅速收缩并衰变，但因果性要求超视界尺寸的畴壁继续增长，直到它们达到哈勃视界。最后进入视界的畴壁可能比一个哈勃斑块更重，并坍缩成原初黑洞（PBHs）。我们对PTA信号进行了贝叶斯分析，将其解释为来自畴壁网络的SGWB的结果，并使用了一个确保不会产生过量PBH的先验。我们的发现表明，畴壁导致了太阳质量PBH的产生。这些PBHs内部发生的双星合并会在千赫兹频段产生第二个SGWB，这可能在正在运行或计划中的地面干涉仪中被观测到。
英文摘要：
Recently, Pulsar Timing Array (PTA) collaborations have detected a stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) at nano-Hz frequencies, with Domain Wall networks (DWs) proposed as potential sources. To be cosmologically viable, they must annihilate before dominating the universe energy budget, thus generating a SGWB. While sub-horizon DWs shrink and decay rapidly, causality requires DWs with super-horizon size to continue growing until they reach the Hubble horizon. Those entering the latest can be heavier than a Hubble patch and collapse into Primordial Black Holes (PBHs). We conduct a Bayesian analysis of the PTA signal, interpreting it as an outcome of SGWB from DW networks, with a prior ensuring no PBH overproduction. Our findings indicate that DWs result in the production of solar-mass PBHs. The binary mergers occurring within these PBHs generate a second SGWB in the kilo-Hz domain which could be observable in on-going or planned Earth-based interferometers.
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