arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2306.09451cs.CRcs.AIcs.NI
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基于特征扁平化与两阶段协同分类器的主机侧网络入侵检测

Host-Based Network Intrusion Detection via Feature Flattening and Two-stage Collaborative Classifier

University of Ottawa(渥太华大学);Ciena(CIENA公司)

Zhiyan Chen, Murat Simsek, Burak Kantarci, Mehran Bagheri, Petar Djukic

AI总结:

针对NIDS检测APT等攻击的局限,提出融合主机与网络特征、结合特征扁平化和两阶段协同分类器的混合入侵检测方法,在两个公开数据集上有效提升了整体及单类攻击的检测性能。

摘要:

网络入侵检测系统(NIDS)通过监控实时网络流量并分析可疑活动已得到广泛研究,但NIDS在检测特定类型攻击(如高级持续性威胁APT)时存在局限性。此外,由于流量加密或权限不足,NIDS无法观测完整的流量信息。为解决这些局限,主机入侵检测系统(HIDS)通过评估主机内的资源(包括日志、文件、文件夹)来识别通常会向受害节点注入恶意文件的APT攻击。本研究提出一种融合NIDS与HIDS的混合网络入侵检测系统,以提升入侵检测性能。研究采用特征扁平化技术,将二维主机侧特征扁平化为一维向量,使其可直接被传统机器学习(ML)模型使用。同时提出两阶段协同分类器,部署两级机器学习算法识别网络入侵:第一阶段使用二分类器检测良性样本,所有被检测为攻击的样本再进入多分类器处理,以此降低原问题的复杂度并提升整体检测性能。该方法在两个知名数据集CICIDS 2018和NDSec-1上验证了泛化能力,研究评估了代表传统机器学习方法的XGBoost的性能。结果显示,融合主机与网络特征后,攻击检测性能(宏平均F1值)在CICIDS 2018数据集上提升8.1%,在NDSec-1数据集上提升3.7%;同时,两阶段协同分类器提升了大多数单类别的检测性能,尤其是DoS-LOIC-UDP和DoS-SlowHTTPTest类别,与传统机器学习XGBoost相比分别提升30.7%和84.3%。

英文摘要:

Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS) have been extensively investigated by monitoring real network traffic and analyzing suspicious activities. However, there are limitations in detecting specific types of attacks with NIDS, such as Advanced Persistent Threats (APT). Additionally, NIDS is restricted in observing complete traffic information due to encrypted traffic or a lack of authority. To address these limitations, a Host-based Intrusion Detection system (HIDS) evaluates resources in the host, including logs, files, and folders, to identify APT attacks that routinely inject malicious files into victimized nodes. In this study, a hybrid network intrusion detection system that combines NIDS and HIDS is proposed to improve intrusion detection performance. The feature flattening technique is applied to flatten two-dimensional host-based features into one-dimensional vectors, which can be directly used by traditional Machine Learning (ML) models. A two-stage collaborative classifier is introduced that deploys two levels of ML algorithms to identify network intrusions. In the first stage, a binary classifier is used to detect benign samples. All detected attack types undergo a multi-class classifier to reduce the complexity of the original problem and improve the overall detection performance. The proposed method is shown to generalize across two well-known datasets, CICIDS 2018 and NDSec-1. Performance of XGBoost, which represents conventional ML, is evaluated. Combining host and network features enhances attack detection performance (macro average F1 score) by 8.1% under the CICIDS 2018 dataset and 3.7% under the NDSec-1 dataset. Meanwhile, the two-stage collaborative classifier improves detection performance for most single classes, especially for DoS-LOIC-UDP and DoS-SlowHTTPTest, with improvements of 30.7% and 84.3%, respectively, when compared with the traditional ML XGBoost.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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