基于高保真手征相互作用的第一性原理格点模拟研究热中子物质的结构因子
Structure Factors for Hot Neutron Matter from Ab Initio Lattice Simulations with High-Fidelity Chiral Interactions
AI总结：
本文首次利用手征有效场论N3LO高保真相互作用和秩一算符方法，对热中子物质的自旋与密度结构因子进行第一性原理格点计算，解决了传统方法计算量指数增长的问题，为超新星中微子不透明度模拟提供了可靠的校准依据。
摘要：
我们首次利用手征有效场论中次次次领头阶（N3LO）的高保真相互作用，对热中子物质中的自旋关联和密度关联进行了第一性原理格点计算。这些关联对核坍缩超新星中的中微子加热和激波复活有重大影响，并被封装在称为结构因子的函数中。遗憾的是，使用现有计算方法，利用高保真手征相互作用计算结构因子远远超出了可及范围。在这项工作中，我们采用一种称为秩一算符（RO）方法的计算手段解决了这一问题。RO方法是一种通用技术，在费米子多体系统模拟中具有广泛应用。它解决了在使用微扰理论处理更高体算符和更高阶修正时计算工作量指数增长的问题。利用RO方法，我们计算了热中子物质的矢量静态结构因子和轴矢量静态结构因子，作为温度和密度的函数。第一性原理格点结果在低密度下与维里展开计算符合良好，但在更高密度下更为可靠。用于估算核坍缩超新星模拟中中微子不透明度的随机相位近似程序，现在可以利用第一性原理格点计算进行校准。
英文摘要：
We present the first ab initio lattice calculations of spin and density correlations in hot neutron matter using high-fidelity interactions at next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order (N3LO) in chiral effective field theory. These correlations have a large impact on neutrino heating and shock revival in core-collapse supernovae and are encapsulated in functions called structure factors. Unfortunately, calculations of structure factors using high-fidelity chiral interactions were well out of reach using existing computational methods. In this work, we solve the problem using a computational approach called the rank-one operator (RO) method. The RO method is a general technique with broad applications to simulations of fermionic many-body systems. It solves the problem of exponential scaling of computational effort when using perturbation theory for higher-body operators and higher-order corrections. Using the RO method, we compute the vector and axial static structure factors for hot neutron matter as a function of temperature and density. The ab initio lattice results are in good agreement with virial expansion calculations at low densities but are more reliable at higher densities. Random phase approximation codes used to estimate neutrino opacity in core-collapse supernovae simulations can now be calibrated with ab initio lattice calculations.
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