如今，用于图像目标检测的深度神经网络非常普遍。然而，由于这些网络的复杂性，用户很难理解模型为什么会检测到这些目标。我们提出了高斯类别激活映射解释器（Gaussian Class Activation Mapping Explainer，G-CAME），它通过生成显著性图来为目标检测模型提供解释。G-CAME可被视为一种基于CAM的方法，利用所选层的激活图并结合高斯核，来突出图像中对预测框重要的区域。与其他基于区域的方法相比，G-CAME能够突破时间限制，因为解释一个目标只需要非常短的时间。我们还在MS-COCO 2017数据集上使用YOLOX对该方法进行了定性和定量评估，并指导将G-CAME应用于两阶段Faster-RCNN模型。
英文摘要：
Nowadays, deep neural networks for object detection in images are very prevalent. However, due to the complexity of these networks, users find it hard to understand why these objects are detected by models. We proposed Gaussian Class Activation Mapping Explainer (G-CAME), which generates a saliency map as the explanation for object detection models. G-CAME can be considered a CAM-based method that uses the activation maps of selected layers combined with the Gaussian kernel to highlight the important regions in the image for the predicted box. Compared with other Region-based methods, G-CAME can transcend time constraints as it takes a very short time to explain an object. We also evaluated our method qualitatively and quantitatively with YOLOX on the MS-COCO 2017 dataset and guided to apply G-CAME into the two-stage Faster-RCNN model.
Boosting Instance Awareness via Cross-View Correlation with 4D Radar and Camera for 3D Object Detection
College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University（浙江大学信息科学与电子工程学院）；School of Automotive Studies, Tongji University（同济大学汽车学院）；College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University（浙江大学计算机科学与技术学院）；Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University（浙江大学金华研究院）；School of Information and Electrical Engineering, Hangzhou City University（杭州城市学院信息与电气工程学院）；Hangzhou City University Binjiang Innovation Center（杭州城市学院滨江创新中心）
CSEM SA（瑞士电子与微技术中心）；Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zurich（苏黎世联邦理工学院）；University of Bologna（博洛尼亚大学）
While the accuracy of convolutional neural networks has achieved vast improvements by introducing larger and deeper network architectures, also the memory footprint for storing their parameters and activations has increased. This trend especially challenges power- and resource-limited accelerator designs, which are often restricted to store all network data in on-chip memory to avoid interfacing energy-hungry external memories. Maximizing the network size that fits on a given accelerator thus requires to maximize its memory utilization. While the traditionally used ping-pong buffering techniqu…
Backpropagation image saliency aims at explaining model predictions by estimating model-centric importance of individual pixels in the input. However, class-insensitivity of the earlier layers in a network only allows saliency computation with low resolution activation maps of the deeper layers, resulting in compromised image saliency. Remedifying this can lead to sanity failures. We propose CAMERAS, a technique to compute high-fidelity backpropagation saliency maps without requiring any external priors and preserving the map sanity. Our method systematically performs multi-scale accumulation …
Camera pose regression methods apply a single forward pass to the query image to estimate the camera pose. As such, they offer a fast and light-weight alternative to traditional localization schemes based on image retrieval. Pose regression approaches simultaneously learn two regression tasks, aiming to jointly estimate the camera position and orientation using a single embedding vector computed by a convolutional backbone. We propose an attention-based approach for pose regression, where the convolutional activation maps are used as sequential inputs. Transformers are applied to encode the se…
XiCAD: Camera Activation Detection in the Da Vinci Xi User Interface
Department of Translational Surgical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT/UCC Dresden, a partnership between DKFZ, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Germany（转化外科肿瘤学系，国家肿瘤疾病中心（NCT），NCT/UCC德累斯顿，由德累斯顿癌症研究中心（DKFZ）、医学院和德累斯顿卡尔·戈斯特·卡尔医院、德累斯顿技术大学（TUD）以及德累斯顿-罗斯托克中心（HZDR）组成的联合体，德国）；Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD, Germany（visceral、胸腔和血管外科系，医学院和卡尔·戈斯特·卡尔医院，TUD，德国）；Cluster of Excellence-CeTI, TUD, Germany（卓越中心-CeTI，TUD，德国）
Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur（印度理工学院卡拉格普尔分校）
Deep Learning based techniques have been adopted with precision to solve a lot of standard computer vision problems, some of which are image classification, object detection and segmentation. Despite the widespread success of these approaches, they have not yet been exploited largely for solving the standard perception related problems encountered in autonomous navigation such as Visual Odometry (VO), Structure from Motion (SfM) and Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM). This paper analyzes the problem of Monocular Visual Odometry using a Deep Learning-based framework, instead of the re…
When processing similar frames in succession, we can take advantage of the locality of the convolution operation to reevaluate only portions of the image that changed from the previous frame. By saving the output of a layer of convolutions and calculating the change from frame to frame, we can reuse previous activations and save computational resources that would otherwise be wasted recalculating convolutions whose outputs we have already observed. This technique can be applied to many domains, such as processing videos from stationary video cameras, studying the effects of occluding or distor…
While depth cameras and inertial sensors have been frequently leveraged for human action recognition, these sensing modalities are impractical in many scenarios where cost or environmental constraints prohibit their use. As such, there has been recent interest on human action recognition using low-cost, readily-available RGB cameras via deep convolutional neural networks. However, many of the deep convolutional neural networks proposed for action recognition thus far have relied heavily on learning global appearance cues directly from imaging data, resulting in highly complex network architect…
Multi-Layer Perceptrons (MLPs) make powerful functional representations for sampling and reconstruction problems involving low-dimensional signals like images,shapes and light fields. Recent works have significantly improved their ability to represent high-frequency content by using periodic activations or positional encodings. This often came at the expense of generalization: modern methods are typically optimized for a single signal. We present a new representation that generalizes to multiple instances and achieves state-of-the-art fidelity. We use a dual-MLP architecture to encode the sign…
Microsoft Corp.（微软公司）；University of Campinas（坎皮纳斯大学）
Person Re-Identification is a challenging task that aims to retrieve all instances of a query image across a system of non-overlapping cameras. Due to the various extreme changes of view, it is common that local regions that could be used to match people are suppressed, which leads to a scenario where approaches have to evaluate the similarity of images based on less informative regions. In this work, we introduce the Top-DB-Net, a method based on Top DropBlock that pushes the network to learn to focus on the scene foreground, with special emphasis on the most task-relevant regions and, at the…
We propose associating language utterances to 3D visual abstractions of the scene they describe. The 3D visual abstractions are encoded as 3-dimensional visual feature maps. We infer these 3D visual scene feature maps from RGB images of the scene via view prediction: when the generated 3D scene feature map is neurally projected from a camera viewpoint, it should match the corresponding RGB image. We present generative models that condition on the dependency tree of an utterance and generate a corresponding visual 3D feature map as well as reason about its plausibility, and detector models that…
Xidian University（西安电子科技大学）；Max Planck Institute for Informatics（马克斯·普朗克信息学研究所）；Saarland Informatics Campus（萨尔兰信息学园区）
Global average pooling (GAP) allows to localize discriminative information for recognition [40]. While GAP helps the convolution neural network to attend to the most discriminative features of an object, it may suffer if that information is missing e.g. due to camera viewpoint changes. To circumvent this issue, we argue that it is advantageous to attend to the global configuration of the object by modeling spatial relations among high-level features. We propose a novel architecture for Person Re-Identification, based on a novel parameter-free spatial attention layer introducing spatial relatio…
International Institute of Information Technology Naya Raipur（国际信息技术学院纳亚赖普尔分校）
Skin cancer is one of the most prevalent forms of human cancer. It is recognized mainly visually, beginning with clinical screening and continuing with the dermoscopic examination, histological assessment, and specimen collection. Deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) perform highly segregated and potentially universal tasks against a classified finegrained object. This research proposes a novel multi-class prediction framework that classifies skin lesions based on ViT and ViTGAN. Vision transformers-based GANs (Generative Adversarial Networks) are utilized to tackle the class imbalance. T…
We bring together ideas from recent work on feature design for egocentric action recognition under one framework by exploring the use of deep convolutional neural networks (CNN). Recent work has shown that features such as hand appearance, object attributes, local hand motion and camera ego-motion are important for characterizing first-person actions. To integrate these ideas under one framework, we propose a twin stream network architecture, where one stream analyzes appearance information and the other stream analyzes motion information. Our appearance stream encodes prior knowledge of the e…
Image descriptors based on activations of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have become dominant in image retrieval due to their discriminative power, compactness of representation, and search efficiency. Training of CNNs, either from scratch or fine-tuning, requires a large amount of annotated data, where a high quality of annotation is often crucial. In this work, we propose to fine-tune CNNs for image retrieval on a large collection of unordered images in a fully automated manner. Reconstructed 3D models obtained by the state-of-the-art retrieval and structure-from-motion methods guide t…
National Research University Higher School of Economics（国立研究大学高等经济学院）；Yandex School of Data Analysis（Yandex数据分析学院）；Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology（莫斯科物理技术学院）；Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology（斯科尔科沃科学技术研究院）；University of California, Davis（加利福尼亚大学戴维斯分校）；University of California, Irvine（加利福尼亚大学欧文分校）；Yale University（耶鲁大学）
The CRAYFIS experiment proposes to use privately owned mobile phones as a ground detector array for Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays. Upon interacting with Earth's atmosphere, these events produce extensive particle showers which can be detected by cameras on mobile phones. A typical shower contains minimally-ionizing particles such as muons. As these particles interact with CMOS image sensors, they may leave tracks of faintly-activated pixels that are sometimes hard to distinguish from random detector noise. Triggers that rely on the presence of very bright pixels within an image frame are not e…
ÉTS Montreal（蒙特利尔高等技术学院）；Goodman Cancer Research Centre（古德曼癌症研究中心）；McGill University（麦吉尔大学）
Using only global image-class labels, weakly-supervised learning methods, such as class activation mapping, allow training CNNs to jointly classify an image, and locate regions of interest associated with the predicted class. However, without any guidance at the pixel level, such methods may yield inaccurate regions. This problem is known to be more challenging with histology images than with natural ones, since objects are less salient, structures have more variations, and foreground and background regions have stronger similarities. Therefore, computer vision methods for visual interpretatio…
The University of Queensland（昆士兰大学）；The University of New South Wales（新南威尔士大学）；The University of Sydney（悉尼大学）
Matching pedestrians across disjoint camera views, known as person re-identification (re-id), is a challenging problem that is of importance to visual recognition and surveillance. Most existing methods exploit local regions within spatial manipulation to perform matching in local correspondence. However, they essentially extract \emph{fixed} representations from pre-divided regions for each image and perform matching based on the extracted representation subsequently. For models in this pipeline, local finer patterns that are crucial to distinguish positive pairs from negative ones cannot be …
MODAL: Multi-Modal Object Re-ID via Model-Driven Sparse Decoupling and Text-Image Differential Filtering
College of Computer Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology（国防科技大学计算机科学与技术学院）；School of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Hefei University of Technology（合肥工业大学计算机与信息工程学院）
