Perception-based image analysis technologies can be used to help visually impaired people take better quality pictures by providing automated guidance, thereby empowering them to interact more confidently on social media. The photographs taken by visually impaired users often suffer from one or both of two kinds of quality issues: technical quality (distortions), and semantic quality, such as framing and aesthetic composition. Here we develop tools to help them minimize occurrences of common technical distortions, such as blur, poor exposure, and noise. We do not address the complementary problems of semantic quality, leaving that aspect for future work. The problem of assessing and providing actionable feedback on the technical quality of pictures captured by visually impaired users is hard enough, owing to the severe, commingled distortions that often occur. To advance progress on the problem of analyzing and measuring the technical quality of visually impaired user-generated content (VI-UGC), we built a very large and unique subjective image quality and distortion dataset. This new perceptual resource, which we call the LIVE-Meta VI-UGC Database, contains $40$K real-world distorted VI-UGC images and $40$K patches, on which we recorded $2.7$M human perceptual quality judgments and $2.7$M distortion labels. Using this psychometric resource we also created an automatic blind picture quality and distortion predictor that learns local-to-global spatial quality relationships, achieving state-of-the-art prediction performance on VI-UGC pictures, significantly outperforming existing picture quality models on this unique class of distorted picture data. We also created a prototype feedback system that helps to guide users to mitigate quality issues and take better quality pictures, by creating a multi-task learning framework.
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology（卡尔斯鲁厄理工学院）；Tongji University（同济大学）
Navigational perception for visually impaired people has been substantially promoted by both classic and deep learning based segmentation methods. In classic visual recognition methods, the segmentation models are mostly object-dependent, which means a specific algorithm has to be devised for the object of interest. In contrast, deep learning based models such as instance segmentation and semantic segmentation allow to individually recognize part of the entire scene, namely things or stuff, for blind individuals. However, both of them can not provide a holistic understanding of the surrounding…
Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Computer Science and Information Technology Osijek（奥西耶克电气工程、计算机科学与信息技术学院）
Visually impaired persons have significant problems in their everyday movement. Therefore, some of our previous work involves computer vision in developing assistance systems for guiding the visually impaired in critical situations. Some of those situations includes crosswalks on road crossings and stairs in indoor and outdoor environment. This paper presents an evaluation framework for computer vision-based guiding of the visually impaired persons in such critical situations. Presented framework includes the interface for labeling and storing referent human decisions for guiding directions an…
Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology（塔帕尔工程技术学院）
This paper represents a cost-effective scene perception system aimed towards visually impaired individual. We use an odroid system integrated with an USB camera and USB laser that can be attached on the chest. The system classifies the detected objects along with its distance from the user and provides a voice output. Experimental results provided in this paper use outdoor traffic scenes. The object detection and classification framework exploits a multi-modal fusion based faster RCNN using motion, sharpening and blurring filters for efficient feature representation.
Institute for Anthropomatics and Robotics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology（卡尔斯鲁厄理工学院人机与机器人研究所）；Sino-German School, Tongji University（同济大学中德学院）；Hangzhou SurImage Technology Company Ltd.（杭州 SurImage 科技有限公司）；Hangzhou KrVision Technology Company Ltd.（杭州 KrVision 科技有限公司）
Classic computer vision algorithms, instance segmentation, and semantic segmentation can not provide a holistic understanding of the surroundings for the visually impaired. In this paper, we utilize panoptic segmentation to assist the navigation of visually impaired people by offering both things and stuff awareness in the proximity of the visually impaired efficiently. To this end, we propose an efficient Attention module -- Lintention which can model long-range interactions in linear time using linear space. Based on Lintention, we then devise a novel panoptic segmentation model which we ter…
Today, many of the aid systems deployed for visually impaired people are mostly made for a single purpose. Be it navigation, object detection, or distance perceiving. Also, most of the deployed aid systems use indoor navigation which requires a pre-knowledge of the environment. These aid systems often fail to help visually impaired people in the unfamiliar scenario. In this paper, we propose an aid system developed using object detection and depth perceivement to navigate a person without dashing into an object. The prototype developed detects 90 different types of objects and compute their di…
On the off-the-shelf navigational assistance devices, the localization precision is limited to the signal error of global navigation satellite system (GNSS). During travelling outdoors, the inaccurately localization perplexes visually impaired people, especially at key positions, such as gates, bus stations or intersections. The visual localization is a feasible approach to improving the positioning precision of assistive devices. Using multiple image descriptors, the paper proposes a robust and efficient visual localization algorithm, which takes advantage of priori GNSS signals and multi-mod…
Finding a path free from obstacles that poses minimal risk is critical for safe navigation. People who are sighted and people who are visually impaired require navigation safety while walking on a sidewalk. In this research we developed an assistive navigation on a sidewalk by integrating sensory inputs using reinforcement learning. We trained a Sidewalk Obstacle Avoidance Agent (SOAA) through reinforcement learning in a simulated robotic environment. A Sidewalk Obstacle Conversational Agent (SOCA) is built by training a natural language conversation agent with real conversation data. The SOAA…
The aim of this work is to contribute to the development of a tactile device for visually impaired and blind persons in order to let them to understand actions of the surrounding people and to interact with them. First, based on the state-of-the-art methods of human action recognition from RGB-D sequences, we use the skeleton information provided by Kinect, with the disentangled and unified multi-scale Graph Convolutional (MS-G3D) model to recognize the performed actions. We tested this model on real scenes and found some of constraints and limitations. Next, we apply a fusion between skeleton…
Exploring an unfamiliar indoor environment and avoiding obstacles is challenging for visually impaired people. Currently, several approaches achieve the avoidance of static obstacles based on the mapping of indoor scenes. To solve the issue of distinguishing dynamic obstacles, we propose an assistive system with an RGB-D sensor to detect dynamic information of a scene. Once the system captures an image, panoptic segmentation is performed to obtain the prior dynamic object information. With sparse feature points extracted from images and the depth information, poses of the user can be estimated…
The University of the South Pacific（南太平洋大学）；Software Foundation（软件基金会）
It is estimated that 285 million people globally are visually impaired. A majority of these people live in developing countries and are among the elderly population. One of the most difficult tasks faced by the visually impaired is identification of people. While naturally, voice recognition is a common method of identification, it is an intuitive and difficult process. The rise of computation capability of mobile devices gives motivation to develop applications that can assist visually impaired persons. With the availability of mobile devices, these people can be assisted by an additional met…
Millions of visually impaired people depend on relatives and friends to perform their everyday tasks. One relevant step towards self-sufficiency is to provide them with means to verify the value and operation presented in payment machines. In this work, we developed and released a smartphone application, named Pay Voice, that uses image processing, optical character recognition (OCR) and voice synthesis to recognize the value and operation presented in POS and PIN pad machines, and thus informing the user with auditive and visual feedback. The proposed approach presented significant results fo…
University of California Los Angeles（加州大学洛杉矶分校）；California NanoSystems Institute（加利福尼亚纳米系统研究所）；David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles（加州大学洛杉矶分校大卫·格芬医学院）
One of the major open problems in computer vision is detection of features in visually impaired images. In this paper, we describe a potential solution using Phase Stretch Transform, a new computational approach for image analysis, edge detection and resolution enhancement that is inspired by the physics of the photonic time stretch technique. We mathematically derive the intrinsic nonlinear transfer function and demonstrate how it leads to (1) superior performance at low contrast levels and (2) a reconfigurable operator for hyper-dimensional classification. We prove that the Phase Stretch Tra…
Real-Time Pill Identification for the Visually Impaired Using Deep Learning
San Francisco Bay University（旧金山湾大学）；University of Science and Technology of China（中国科学技术大学）；University of Southampton（南安普顿大学）；Stevens Institute of Technology（史蒂文斯理工学院）；Georgia Institute of Technology（佐治亚理工学院）
Indiana University Bloomington（印第安纳大学伯明顿分校）；Northwestern University（西北大学）；K.J. Somaiya College of Engineering（K.J.索马亚工程学院）
Blind people face a lot of problems in their daily routines. They have to struggle a lot just to do their day-to-day chores. In this paper, we have proposed a system with the objective to help the visually impaired by providing audio aid guiding them to avoid obstacles, which will assist them to move in their surroundings. Object Detection using YOLO will help them detect the nearby objects and Depth Estimation using monocular vision will tell the approximate distance of the detected objects from the user. Despite a higher accuracy, stereo vision has many hardware constraints, which makes mono…
Institute for Anthropomatics and Robotics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology（卡尔斯鲁厄理工学院人形机器人与智能系统研究所）；Hangzhou SurImage Technology Company Ltd.（杭州 SurImage 科技有限公司）；Hangzhou KrVision Technology Company Ltd.（杭州 KrVision 科技有限公司）
As the scene information, including objectness and scene type, are important for people with visual impairment, in this work we present a multi-task efficient perception system for the scene parsing and recognition tasks. Building on the compact ResNet backbone, our designed network architecture has two paths with shared parameters. In the structure, the semantic segmentation path integrates fast attention, with the aim of harvesting long-range contextual information in an efficient manner. Simultaneously, the scene recognition path attains the scene type inference by passing the semantic feat…
Outdoor shopping complexes (OSC) are extremely difficult for people with visual impairment to navigate. Existing GPS devices are mostly designed for roadside navigation and seldom transition well into an OSC-like setting. We report our study on the challenges faced by a blind person in navigating OSC through developing a new mobile application named iExplore. We first report an exploratory study aiming at deriving specific design principles for building this system by learning the unique challenges of the problem. Then we present a methodology that can be used to derive the necessary informati…
Lacking the ability to sense ambient environments effectively, blind and visually impaired people (BVIP) face difficulty in walking outdoors, especially in urban areas. Therefore, tools for assisting BVIP are of great importance. In this paper, we propose a novel "flying guide dog" prototype for BVIP assistance using drone and street view semantic segmentation. Based on the walkable areas extracted from the segmentation prediction, the drone can adjust its movement automatically and thus lead the user to walk along the walkable path. By recognizing the color of pedestrian traffic lights, our p…
Blind and visually challenged face multiple issues with navigating the world independently. Some of these challenges include finding the shortest path to a destination and detecting obstacles from a distance. To tackle this issue, this paper proposes ViT Cane, which leverages a vision transformer model in order to detect obstacles in real-time. Our entire system consists of a Pi Camera Module v2, Raspberry Pi 4B with 8GB Ram and 4 motors. Based on tactile input using the 4 motors, the obstacle detection model is highly efficient in helping visually impaired navigate unknown terrain and is desi…
National Taiwan University（国立台湾大学）；Ming Chuan University（铭传大学）
This work introduces Guardian Angel, an Android App that assists visually impaired people to avoid danger in complex traffic environment. The system, consisting of object detection by pretrained YOLO model, distance estimation and moving direction estimation, provides information about surrounding vehicles and alarms users of potential danger without expensive special purpose device. With an experiment of 8 subjects, we corroborate that in terms of satisfaction score in pedestrian-crossing experiment with the assistance of our App using a smartphone is better than when without under 99% confid…
In this paper, we propose a deep learning based assistive system to improve the environment perception experience of visually impaired (VI). The system is composed of a wearable terminal equipped with an RGBD camera and an earphone, a powerful processor mainly for deep learning inferences and a smart phone for touch-based interaction. A data-driven learning approach is proposed to predict safe and reliable walkable instructions using RGBD data and the established semantic map. This map is also used to help VI understand their 3D surrounding objects and layout through well-designed touchscreen …
University of Waterloo（滑铁卢大学）；Waterloo AI Institute, University of Waterloo（滑铁卢大学滑铁卢人工智能研究所）
Recent improvements in object detection have shown potential to aid in tasks where previous solutions were not able to achieve. A particular area is assistive devices for individuals with visual impairment. While state-of-the-art deep neural networks have been shown to achieve superior object detection performance, their high computational and memory requirements make them cost prohibitive for on-device operation. Alternatively, cloud-based operation leads to privacy concerns, both not attractive to potential users. To address these challenges, this study investigates creating an efficient obj…
Currency is used almost everywhere to facilitate business. In most developing countries, especially the ones in Africa, tangible notes are predominantly used in everyday financial transactions. One of these countries, Ethiopia, is believed to have one of the world highest rates of blindness (1.6%) and low vision (3.7%). There are around 4 million visually impaired people; With 1.7 million people being in complete vision loss. Those people face a number of challenges when they are in a bus station, in shopping centers, or anywhere which requires the physical exchange of money. In this paper, we…
In this paper, we address an issue that the visually impaired commonly face while crossing intersections and propose a solution that takes form as a mobile application. The application utilizes a deep learning convolutional neural network model, LytNetV2, to output necessary information that the visually impaired may lack when without human companions or guide-dogs. A prototype of the application runs on iOS devices of versions 11 or above. It is designed for comprehensiveness, concision, accuracy, and computational efficiency through delivering the two most important pieces of information, pe…
In this paper, we propose SUGAMAN (Supervised and Unified framework using Grammar and Annotation Model for Access and Navigation). SUGAMAN is a Hindi word meaning "easy passage from one place to another". SUGAMAN synthesizes textual description from a given floor plan image for the visually impaired. A visually impaired person can navigate in an indoor environment using the textual description generated by SUGAMAN. With the help of a text reader software, the target user can understand the rooms within the building and arrangement of furniture to navigate. SUGAMAN is the first framework for de…
Beihang University（北京航空航天大学）；CloudMinds Technologies Inc.（达闼科技有限公司）；China Academy of Telecommunication Technology（中国电信技术研究院）
This paper presents a wearable assistive device with the shape of a pair of eyeglasses that allows visually impaired people to navigate safely and quickly in unfamiliar environment, as well as perceive the complicated environment to automatically make decisions on the direction to move. The device uses a consumer Red, Green, Blue and Depth (RGB-D) camera and an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) to detect obstacles. As the device leverages the ground height continuity among adjacent image frames, it is able to segment the ground from obstacles accurately and rapidly. Based on the detected ground,…
University of Texas at Austin（德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校）；University of Colorado Boulder（科罗拉多大学博尔德分校）
Visual question answering is the task of answering questions about images. We introduce the VizWiz-VQA-Grounding dataset, the first dataset that visually grounds answers to visual questions asked by people with visual impairments. We analyze our dataset and compare it with five VQA-Grounding datasets to demonstrate what makes it similar and different. We then evaluate the SOTA VQA and VQA-Grounding models and demonstrate that current SOTA algorithms often fail to identify the correct visual evidence where the answer is located. These models regularly struggle when the visual evidence occupies …
Currently, the visually impaired rely on either a sighted human, guide dog, or white cane to safely navigate. However, the training of guide dogs is extremely expensive, and canes cannot provide essential information regarding the color of traffic lights and direction of crosswalks. In this paper, we propose a deep learning based solution that provides information regarding the traffic light mode and the position of the zebra crossing. Previous solutions that utilize machine learning only provide one piece of information and are mostly binary: only detecting red or green lights. The proposed c…
Universidade Federal de Viçosa（维索萨联邦大学）；Universidade Federal Fluminense（弗鲁米嫩塞联邦大学）
Several services for people with visual disabilities have emerged recently due to achievements in Assistive Technologies and Artificial Intelligence areas. Despite the growth in assistive systems availability, there is a lack of services that support specific tasks, such as understanding the image context presented in online content, e.g., webinars. Image captioning techniques and their variants are limited as Assistive Technologies as they do not match the needs of visually impaired people when generating specific descriptions. We propose an approach for generating context of webinar images c…
The proposed shopping assistant model SANIP is going to help blind persons to detect hand held objects and also to get a video feedback of the information retrieved from the detected and recognized objects. The proposed model consists of three python models i.e. Custom Object Detection, Text Detection and Barcode detection. For object detection of the hand held object, we have created our own custom dataset that comprises daily goods such as Parle-G, Tide, and Lays. Other than that we have also collected images of Cart and Exit signs as it is essential for any person to use a cart and also not…
TIB—Leibniz Information Centre for Science and Technology（莱布尼茨科学技术信息中心（TIB））；L3S Research Center（L3S研究中心）；Leibniz University Hannover（汉诺威莱布尼茨大学）
Illustrations are widely used in education, and sometimes, alternatives are not available for visually impaired students. Therefore, those students would benefit greatly from an automatic illustration description system, but only if those descriptions were complete, correct, and easily understandable using a screenreader. In this paper, we report on a study for the assessment of automated image descriptions. We interviewed experts to establish evaluation criteria, which we then used to create an evaluation questionnaire for sighted non-expert raters, and description templates. We used this que…
Independently exploring unknown spaces or finding objects in an indoor environment is a daily but challenging task for visually impaired people. However, common 2D assistive systems lack depth relationships between various objects, resulting in difficulty to obtain accurate spatial layout and relative positions of objects. To tackle these issues, we propose HIDA, a lightweight assistive system based on 3D point cloud instance segmentation with a solid-state LiDAR sensor, for holistic indoor detection and avoidance. Our entire system consists of three hardware components, two interactive functi…
Institute of Geosciences and Exact Sciences（地球科学与精确科学学院）
Navigation and mobility are some of the major problems faced by visually impaired people in their daily lives. Advances in computer vision led to the proposal of some navigation systems. However, most of them require expensive and/or heavy hardware. In this paper we propose the use of convolutional neural networks (CNN), transfer learning, and semi-supervised learning (SSL) to build a framework aimed at the visually impaired aid. It has low computational costs and, therefore, may be implemented on current smartphones, without relying on any additional equipment. The smartphone camera can be us…
