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arXiv 2305.03491astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phhep-th
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一环统御一切:超慢滚动力学下的微扰性

One loop to rule them all: Perturbativity in the presence of ultra slow-roll dynamics

Gabriele Franciolini, Antonio Junior Iovino, Marco Taoso, Alfredo Urbano

AI总结:

本文研究含超慢滚阶段的单场暴胀模型中圈修正对微扰性的影响,发现无法据此排除原初黑洞形成图景,但短模式圈修正不可忽略,且功率谱中的凹陷是树级计算假象。

摘要:

我们讨论单场暴胀模型中微扰性问题,该模型包含一段超慢滚(USR)阶段,专门用于产生数量级为一的原初黑洞(PBHs)。更详细地说,我们施加如下条件:由USR动力学增强的短波长模式所构成的圈修正不得改变曲率扰动功率谱的树级结果。在我们的分析中,USR阶段之前和之后各有一段普通慢滚(SR)阶段,我们使用瞬时跃迁和平滑跃迁两种方式对由此形成的SR/USR/SR动力学进行建模。聚焦于与CMB观测相关的尺度,我们发现,基于这些论证,无法排除通过USR形成PBH的图景,即使在瞬时跃迁极限下也无法排除。然而,我们也发现,短模式圈修正对长模式功率谱的影响虽然尚未大到违反微扰性要求,但仍然相当可观,并且最重要的是,在现实的平滑SR/USR/SR跃迁实现中并不会被抑制。这使得微扰性成为约束USR动力学的有力理论工具。我们将分析扩展到CMB观测相关尺度之外的任意尺度。我们发现,与树级功率谱相比,短模式的圈修正保持在百分之几以内。然而,我们也发现一个具有唯象重要性的显著例外:我们证明,曲率扰动功率谱中所谓的凹陷是树级计算的人工产物。

英文摘要:

We discuss the issue of perturbativity in single-field inflationary models with a phase of ultra slow-roll (USR) tailor suited to generate an order-one abundance of primordial black holes (PBHs). More in detail, we impose the condition that loop corrections made up of short-wavelength modes enhanced by the USR dynamics do not alter the tree-level power spectrum of curvature perturbations. In our analysis, the USR phase is preceded and followed by two stages of ordinary slow-roll (SR), and we model the resulting SR/USR/SR dynamics using both instantaneous and smooth transitions. Focusing on scales relevant for CMB observations, we find that it is not possible, with these arguments, to rule out the scenario of PBH formation via USR, not even in the limit of instantaneous transition. However, we also find that loop corrections of short modes on the power spectrum of long modes, even though not large enough to violate perturbativity requirements, remain appreciable and, most importantly, are not tamed in realistic realisations of smooth SR/USR/SR transitions. This makes perturbativity a powerful theoretical tool to constrain USR dynamics. We extend the analysis at any scale beyond those relevant for CMB observations. We find that loop corrections of short modes remain within the few percent if compared to the tree-level power spectrum. However, we also find one notable exception of phenomenological relevance: we show that the so-called dip in the power spectrum of curvature perturbation is an artifact of the tree-level computation.

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