arXiv 2304.092202023-04astro-ph.EPastro-ph.SR

邻近M型矮星TOI-2095宜居带边缘的两颗超级地球

Two super-Earths at the edge of the habitable zone of the nearby M dwarf TOI-2095

F. Murgas, A. Castro-González, E. Pallé, F. J. Pozuelos, S. Millholland, O. Foo, J. Korth, E. Marfil, P. J. Amado, J. A. Caballero, J. L. Christiansen, D. R. Ci… 展开作者

F. Murgas, A. Castro-González, E. Pallé, F. J. Pozuelos, S. Millholland, O. Foo, J. Korth, E. Marfil, P. J. Amado, J. A. Caballero, J. L. Christiansen, D. R. Ciardi, K. A. Collins, M. Di Sora, A. Fukui, T. Gan, E. J. Gonzales, Th. Henning, E. Herrero, G. Isopi, J. M. Jenkins, J. Lillo-Box, N. Lodieu, R. Luque, F. Mallia, J. C. Morales, G. Morello, N. Narita, J. Orell-Miquel, H. Parviainen, M. Pérez-Torres, A. Quirrenbach, A. Reiners, I. Ribas, B. S. Safonov, S. Seager, R. P. Schwarz, A. Schweitzer, M. Schlecker, I. A. Strakhov, S. Vanaverbeke, N. Watanabe, J. N. Winn, M. Zechmeister

备注：: Accepted for publication in A&A. 29 pages
发表信息：: A&A 677, A182 (2023)
DOI：: 10.1051/0004-6361/202346692

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AI总结：

本研究结合TESS测光与CARMENES径向速度数据，通过贝叶斯MCMC拟合确认邻近M型矮星TOI-2095周围存在两颗位于宜居带内边缘附近的超级地球，并给出其半径、周期及质量上限。

摘要：

TESS的主要科学目标是在足够明亮、可开展进一步表征研究的恒星周围发现小于海王星的行星。鉴于我们当前的仪器条件和探测偏差，M型矮星是搜寻位于其宿主恒星宜居带内（或附近）小行星的首要目标。在本研究中，我们利用测光观测和CARMENES径向速度测量，对TESS发现的一对凌星行星候选体进行验证。我们采用贝叶斯马尔可夫链蒙特卡洛（MCMC）程序对数据进行同时拟合，并考虑了测光和光谱时间序列中存在的恒星变率。我们确认了围绕TOI-2095（LSPM J1902+7525）运行的两个凌星候选体的行星起源。该恒星是一颗邻近的M型矮星（d = 41.90 ± 0.03 pc，T_eff = 3759 ± 87 K，V = 12.6 mag），其恒星质量和半径分别为M_★ = 0.44 ± 0.02 M_⊙和R_★ = 0.44 ± 0.02 R_⊙。该行星系统由两颗凌星行星组成：TOI-2095b的轨道周期为P_b = 17.66484 ±（7×10^-5）天，TOI-2095c的轨道周期为P_c = 28.17232 ±（14×10^-5）天。两颗行星大小相近，行星b和行星c的半径分别为R_b = 1.25 ± 0.07 R_⊕和R_c = 1.33 ± 0.08 R_⊕。尽管我们没有以显著水平探测到任何行星引起的径向速度变化，但CARMENES数据使我们能够对这些天体的质量设定严格上限。我们得到内行星M_b < 4.1 M_⊕、外行星M_c < 7.4 M_⊕（95%置信水平）。这两颗行星的平衡温度在300–350 K范围内，靠近其恒星宜居带的内边缘。

英文摘要：

The main scientific goal of TESS is to find planets smaller than Neptune around stars that are bright enough to allow for further characterization studies. Given our current instrumentation and detection biases, M dwarfs are prime targets in the search for small planets that are in (or near) the habitable zone of their host star. In this work, we use photometric observations and CARMENES radial velocity measurements to validate a pair of transiting planet candidates found by TESS. The data were fitted simultaneously, using a Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) procedure and taking into account the stellar variability present in the photometric and spectroscopic time series. We confirm the planetary origin of the two transiting candidates orbiting around TOI-2095 (LSPM J1902+7525). The star is a nearby M dwarf ($d = 41.90 \pm 0.03$ pc, $T_{\rm eff} = 3759 \pm 87$ K, $V = 12.6$ mag), with a stellar mass and radius of $M_\star = 0.44 \pm 0.02 \; M_\odot$ and $R_\star = 0.44 \pm 0.02 \; R_\odot$, respectively. The planetary system is composed of two transiting planets: TOI-2095b, with an orbital period of $P_b = 17.66484 \pm (7\times 10^{-5})$ days, and TOI-2095c, with $P_c = 28.17232 \pm (14\times 10^{-5})$ days. Both planets have similar sizes with $R_b = 1.25 \pm 0.07 \; R_\oplus$ and $R_c = 1.33 \pm 0.08 \; R_\oplus$ for planet b and planet c, respectively. Although we did not detect the induced RV variations of any planet with significance, our CARMENES data allow us to set stringent upper limits on the masses of these objects. We find $M_b < 4.1 \; M_\oplus$ for the inner and $M_c < 7.4 \; M_\oplus$ for the outer planet (95% confidence level). These two planets present equilibrium temperatures in the range of 300-350 K and are close to the inner edge of the habitable zone of their star.

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摘要：

英文摘要：

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