荆棘玫瑰：探究自然语言处理中的双重用途困境
Thorny Roses: Investigating the Dual Use Dilemma in Natural Language Processing
AI总结：
本文通过调查NLP研究人员和从业者对双重用途问题的认知与行动现状，提出面向NLP社区的双重用途定义，并设计可整合进ACL伦理框架的检查清单以缓解潜在危害。
摘要：
双重用途，即对技术和科学成果的有意、有害再利用，在自然语言处理（NLP）领域仍是一个尚未被清晰界定的问题。然而，随着NLP技术持续进步并在社会中日益普及，其内部运作机制变得越来越不透明。因此，理解双重用途问题及其可能的限制途径，对于最大程度降低研究与开发的潜在危害至关重要。本文对NLP研究人员和从业者开展了一项调查，以了解该问题的严重程度、他们的看法，并评估现有的可用支持。基于调查结果，我们提出了一个针对NLP社区需求而定制的双重用途定义。调查显示，大多数研究人员担心其研究可能被双重用途滥用，但仅采取有限行动加以应对。根据调查结果，我们讨论了当前NLP中缓解双重用途问题的现状和潜在手段，并提出了一份可整合到现有会议伦理框架（例如ACL伦理检查表）中的检查清单。
英文摘要：
Dual use, the intentional, harmful reuse of technology and scientific artefacts, is a problem yet to be well-defined within the context of Natural Language Processing (NLP). However, as NLP technologies continue to advance and become increasingly widespread in society, their inner workings have become increasingly opaque. Therefore, understanding dual use concerns and potential ways of limiting them is critical to minimising the potential harms of research and development. In this paper, we conduct a survey of NLP researchers and practitioners to understand the depth and their perspective of the problem as well as to assess existing available support. Based on the results of our survey, we offer a definition of dual use that is tailored to the needs of the NLP community. The survey revealed that a majority of researchers are concerned about the potential dual use of their research but only take limited action toward it. In light of the survey results, we discuss the current state and potential means for mitigating dual use in NLP and propose a checklist that can be integrated into existing conference ethics-frameworks, e.g., the ACL ethics checklist.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
