通过比色显微镜（C-Microscopy）方法在微米尺度上量化颜色
Quantifying colors at micrometer scale by colorimetric microscopy (C-Microscopy) approach
AI总结：
提出基于数字光学显微镜和免费软件的比色显微镜（C-Microscopy）方法，通过色彩校准图像和比色计算获取微观尺度主波长和激发纯度图，并恢复高光谱反射数据，成功应用于多种材料局部光学特性的量化。
摘要：
颜色是我们周围物体的基本属性，是光与物质相互作用的直接表现。颜色信息被用于科学、技术和工业的许多不同领域，以研究材料特性或鉴定物质浓度。通常，颜色信息在宏观尺度上被用作全局参数。要在微观尺度上定量测量颜色信息，需要使用专用的显微镜分光光度计或特殊的微反射装置。在此，提出了基于数字光学显微镜和免费软件的比色显微镜（C-Microscopy）方法。C-Microscopy 方法使用色彩校准图像和比色计算，以获得具有物理意义的量，即微观尺度上的主波长和激发纯度图。这使得能够发现样品表面的局部颜色细节。随后，为了全面表征光学特性，对微观尺度的高光谱反射数据（每个点的反射率作为波长的函数）进行了比色恢复。C-Microscopy 方法成功应用于各种类型的样品，即两种变质岩 unakite 和 lapis lazuli（它们是不同矿物的混合物）；以及金 99.999% 小丸的表面，该表面展现出不同类型的表面特征。C-Microscopy 方法可用于以易于获取的方式量化各种材料在微观尺度上的局部光学特性变化。该方法以一套 python jupyter notebooks 的形式免费提供。
英文摘要：
The color is the primal property of the objects around us and is direct manifestation of light-matter interactions. The color information is used in many different fields of science, technology and industry to investigate material properties or for identification of concentrations of substances. Usually the color information is used as a global parameter in a macro scale. To quantitatively measure color information in micro scale one needs to use dedicated microscope spectrophotometers or specialized micro-reflectance setups. Here, the Colorimetric Microscopy (C-Microscopy) approach based on digital optical microscopy and a free software is presented. The C-Microscopy approach uses color calibrated image and colorimetric calculations to obtain physically meaningful quantities i.e., dominant wavelength and excitation purity maps at micro level scale. This allows for the discovery of the local color details of samples surfaces. Later, to fully characterize the optical properties, the hyperspectral reflectance data at micro scale (reflectance as a function of wavelength for a each point) are colorimetrically recovered. The C-Microscopy approach was successfully applied to various types of samples i.e., two metamorphic rocks unakite and lapis lazuli, which are mixtures of different minerals; and to the surface of gold 99.999 % pellet, which exhibits different types of surface features. The C-Microscopy approach could be used to quantify the local optical properties changes of various materials at microscale in an accessible way. The approach is freely available as a set of python jupyter notebooks.
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