通过实时反馈实现多音微波锁定
Multi-Tone Microwave Locking via Real-Time Feedback
AI总结：
针对低频环境噪声导致的腔谐振频率涨落，本文提出基于零差监测和FM微波反馈的实时锁定方案，实现单腔及多音光力学测量中的显著噪声抑制。
摘要：
环境噪声与力学实验的耦合通常会给谐振器引入低频涨落，从而增加测量噪声并降低信噪比。为抵消这些涨落，我们展示了一种动态反馈系统，其实现方式是将微波驱动锁定到含噪腔上。零差干涉仪方案监测由低频噪声引起的腔谐振涨落，并通过对微波发生器进行频率调制（FM）来抑制该噪声。该反馈的带宽为400 Hz；在积分至2 kHz带宽时，腔涨落降低了84%。此外，腔谐振频率涨落降低了73%。该方案可扩展，以实现锁定到同一反馈信号的多音实验。作为演示，我们将该反馈应用于一项光力学实验，并实现了腔锁定的多音力学测量。由于低频腔频率噪声可能成为许多实验中的限制因素，本文提出的多音微波锁定技术有望与广泛的研究领域相关。
英文摘要：
Environmental noise coupling to mechanical experiments often introduces low-frequency fluctuations to the resonators, adding noise to measurements and reducing signal to noise. To counter these fluctuations, we demonstrate a dynamic feedback system implemented by the locking of a microwave drive to the noisy cavity. A homodyne interferometer scheme monitors the cavity resonance fluctuations due to low-frequency noise, which is mitigated by frequency-modulating (FM) the microwave generator. The feedback has a bandwidth of $400$ Hz, with a reduction of cavity fluctuations by $84\%$ integrating up to a bandwidth of $2$ kHz. Moreover, the cavity resonance frequency fluctuations are reduced by $73\%$. This scheme can be scaled to enable multi-tone experiments locked to the same feedback signal. As a demonstration, we apply the feedback to an optomechanical experiment and implement a cavity-locked, multi-tone mechanical measurement. As low-frequency cavity frequency noise can be a limiting factor in many experiments, the multi-tone microwave locking technique presented here is expected to be relevant for a wide range of fields of research.
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