晚年获得新学历的经济效应
The Economic Effect of Gaining a New Qualification Later in Life
AI总结：
本文利用HILDA纵向数据和机器学习因果估计方法，评估晚年完成额外学位的经济回报，发现每年可增收逾3000澳元，且45岁以下者收益更高。
摘要：
由于技术变革和自动化持续推动许多职业所需技能的演变，在OECD国家中，晚年攻读学历正成为一种日益普遍的现象。我们关注晚年完成学位对经济回报的因果影响，因为此时接受额外教育的动机和能力可能与早年教育不同。我们发现，与未完成额外学业者相比，完成一个额外学位每年可带来超过3000澳元（AUD，2019年）的额外收入。对于结果、处理和控制变量，我们使用来自澳大利亚家庭、收入与劳动力动态调查（HILDA）的极其丰富且具有全国代表性的纵向数据。为充分利用该数据的复杂性和丰富性，我们采用基于机器学习（ML）的因果效应估计方法。我们还能够利用ML发现获得额外学历效应的异质性来源。例如，获得额外学历时年龄小于45岁的人往往比其他人获得更多收益（每周最多多出50澳元）。
英文摘要：
Pursuing educational qualifications later in life is an increasingly common phenomenon within OECD countries since technological change and automation continues to drive the evolution of skills needed in many professions. We focus on the causal impacts to economic returns of degrees completed later in life, where motivations and capabilities to acquire additional education may be distinct from education in early years. We find that completing an additional degree leads to more than \$3000 (AUD, 2019) extra income per year compared to those who do not complete additional study. For outcomes, treatment and controls we use the extremely rich and nationally representative longitudinal data from the Household Income and Labour Dynamics Australia survey (HILDA). To take full advantage of the complexity and richness of this data we use a Machine Learning (ML) based methodology for causal effect estimation. We are also able to use ML to discover sources of heterogeneity in the effects of gaining additional qualifications. For example, those younger than 45 years of age when obtaining additional qualifications tend to reap more benefits (as much as \$50 per week more) than others.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
