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arXiv 2303.16732cond-mat.str-el
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自旋简并D维电子气Luttinger-Ward泛函的维度约化

Dimensional reduction of the Luttinger-Ward functional for spin-degenerate $D$-dimensional electron gases

D. Miserev, J. Klinovaja, D. Loss

AI总结:

本文提出维度约化技术,将D维电子气的Luttinger-Ward泛函中单费米子圈骨架图约化为一维结构,揭示背散射与谱曲率在D>1和D>2时因多圈骨架图红外发散而变得相关,从而超越多维玻色化预测。

摘要:

我们在Luttinger-Ward(LW)形式框架内考虑各向同性、自旋简并、相互作用的均匀D维电子气(DDEG),其中D > 1。我们推导出LW泛函在大距离r ≫ λ_F和大时间τ ≫ 1/E_F下的渐近精确半经典/红外极限,其中λ_F和E_F分别为费米波长和费米能量。LW泛函由骨架图表示,每个骨架图由适当连接的穿衣费米子圈组成。首先,我们证明每一个由单个费米子圈构成的D维骨架图都约化为具有相同图解结构的一维(1D)费米子圈,这为“维度约化”这一名称提供了依据。这一结论与费米子圈抵消定理(FLCT)相结合,与多维玻色化的结果一致。在此我们表明,背散射和谱曲率都明确违反FLCT,且两者对一维电子气(1DEG)均无关紧要,但在D > 1和D > 2时分别变得相关。其原因在于D > 1时包含多个费米子圈的骨架图存在强烈的红外发散。这些在多维玻色化方法中被省略的图,正是非共线散射过程的来源。因此,维度约化提供了一个超越多维玻色化预测的框架。约化后的LW泛函具有简单的图解结构,这是我们方法的另一优势。维度约化技术同样适用于热力学势以及从微扰论到自洽方法的各种近似。

英文摘要:

We consider an isotropic spin-degenerate interacting uniform $D$-dimensional electron gas (DDEG) with $D > 1$ within the Luttinger-Ward (LW) formalism. We derive the asymptotically exact semiclassical/infrared limit of the LW functional at large distances, $r \gg λ_F$, and large times, $τ\gg 1/E_F$, where $λ_F$ and $E_F$ are the Fermi wavelength and the Fermi energy, respectively. The LW functional is represented by skeleton diagrams, each skeleton diagram consists of appropriately connected dressed fermion loops. First, we prove that every $D$-dimensional skeleton diagram consisting of a single fermion loop is reduced to a one-dimensional (1D) fermion loop with the same diagrammatic structure, which justifies the name dimensional reduction. This statement, combined with the fermion loop cancellation theorem (FLCT), agrees with results of multidimensional bosonization. Here we show that the backscattering and the spectral curvature, both explicitly violate the FLCT and both are irrelevant for a 1DEG, become relevant at $D > 1$ and $D > 2$, respectively. The reason for this is a strong infrared divergence of the skeleton diagrams containing multiple fermion loops at $D > 1$. These diagrams, which are omitted within the multidimensional bosonization approaches, account for the non-collinear scattering processes. Thus, the dimensional reduction provides the framework to go beyond predictions of the multidimensional bosonization. A simple diagrammatic structure of the reduced LW functional is another advantage of our approach. The dimensional reduction technique is also applicable to the thermodynamic potential and various approximations, from perturbation theory to self-consistent approaches.

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