移动应用中的性别讨论研究
A Study of Gender Discussions in Mobile Apps
摘要：
移动应用软件是现代生活中最重要的数字技术之一，如何设计性别包容的应用软件是开发应用软件的关键。在设计中不考虑性别包容、多样性和平等的应用程序可能会造成障碍（例如，排除了一些用户，因为他们的性别）为他们的多样化的用户。虽然已经做出了一些努力来开发具有性别包容性的应用程序，但缺乏对用户性别观点的深入了解可能会妨碍应用程序开发人员和所有者识别与性别有关的问题并提出改进解决方案。用户在评论中表达了许多关于应用程序的不同意见，从分享他们的经验，报告错误，到请求新功能。在这项研究中，我们的目标是从用户的角度分析应用程序评论，从解包的性别讨论。我们首先开发和评估了几个机器学习（ML）和深度学习（DL）分类器，这些分类器可以自动检测性别评论（即，包含关于性别问题讨论的评论）。我们将ML和DL分类器应用于Google App Store中手动构建的1，440条应用评论的数据集，其中包括620条性别评论和820条非性别评论。我们最好的分类器达到了90.77%的F1分数。其次，我们对620篇性别评论中随机选择的388篇进行了定性分析，结果显示，应用评论中的性别讨论围绕着六个主题：应用功能、外观、内容、公司政策和审查、广告和社区。最后，我们为开发性别包容性应用程序提供了一些实际意义和建议。
英文摘要：
Mobile software apps ("apps") are one of the prevailing digital technologies that our modern life heavily depends on. A key issue in the development of apps is how to design gender-inclusive apps. Apps that do not consider gender inclusion, diversity, and equality in their design can create barriers (e.g., excluding some of the users because of their gender) for their diverse users. While there have been some efforts to develop gender-inclusive apps, a lack of deep understanding regarding user perspectives on gender may prevent app developers and owners from identifying issues related to gender and proposing solutions for improvement. Users express many different opinions about apps in their reviews, from sharing their experiences, and reporting bugs, to requesting new features. In this study, we aim at unpacking gender discussions about apps from the user perspective by analysing app reviews. We first develop and evaluate several Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) classifiers that automatically detect gender reviews (i.e., reviews that contain discussions about gender). We apply our ML and DL classifiers on a manually constructed dataset of 1,440 app reviews from the Google App Store, composing 620 gender reviews and 820 non-gender reviews. Our best classifier achieves an F1-score of 90.77%. Second, our qualitative analysis of a randomly selected 388 out of 620 gender reviews shows that gender discussions in app reviews revolve around six topics: App Features, Appearance, Content, Company Policy and Censorship, Advertisement, and Community. Finally, we provide some practical implications and recommendations for developing gender-inclusive apps.
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