论耗散制备的光子Mott绝缘体的稳定性
On the stability of dissipatively-prepared Mott insulators of photons
AI总结：
本研究探讨了耗散制备光子Mott绝缘体稳态的稳定性，发现该相在doublon激发驱动下会经历非平衡转变变得不稳定，揭示了其区别于基态Mott-超流体转变的内在脆弱性与独特可观测特征。
摘要：
Reservoir engineering是一种利用受控的驱动-耗散动力学来制备目标量子态和相的强大方法。在本研究中，我们研究了一个典型的模型，该模型可以在其稳态下实现光子的Mott绝缘体。我们表明，虽然在某些参数区间内其稳态近似于Mott绝缘基态，但该相可以通过由doublon激发驱动的非平衡转变变得不稳定，转变为一个相干但非经典的极限环相。这种不稳定性与基态Mott绝缘体到超流体的转变完全不同。这一差异具有显著的实验可观测后果，并导致稳态Mott相的内在脆弱性：维持该相需要相对于损耗较快的泵浦，但这同时也决定了较小的临界跃迁。我们识别出稳态Mott相及其不稳定性的独特特征，这些特征使其区别于其基态对应物，并且可以在实验中进行测量。
英文摘要：
Reservoir engineering is a powerful approach for using controlled driven-dissipative dynamics to prepare target quantum states and phases. In this work, we study a paradigmatic model that can realize a Mott insulator of photons in its steady-state. We show that, while in some regimes its steady state approximates a Mott-insulating ground state, this phase can become unstable through a non-equilibrium transition towards a coherent yet non-classical limit-cycle phase, driven by doublon excitations. This instability is completely distinct from the ground-state Mott-insulator to superfluid transition. This difference has dramatic observable consequences and leads to an intrinsic fragility of the steady-state Mott phase: a fast pump compared to losses is required to sustain the phase, but also determines a small critical hopping. We identify unique features of the steady-state Mott phase and its instability, that distinguish them from their ground-state counterpart and can be measured in experiments.
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