在柔性基底上运动起始的机制
Initiation of motility on a compliant substrate
AI总结：
本文通过理论分析与实验测量，证明细胞在柔性基底上的自发运动起始可仅由牵引力与基底变形的力学耦合导致，并揭示了静态与运动状态间的分岔机制。
摘要：
生物细胞从静态转变为运动状态的条件对于理解许多健康与病理过程至关重要。本文表明，即使在细胞边缘存在完全对称的突起活动的情况下，这种自发转变也可能仅仅源于细胞牵引力与弹性基底之间的力学相互作用。导致细胞推进的牵引力对称性破缺，其根源在于表面载荷跟随基底变形。我们对静态与运动状态之间的分岔进行了分析表征，并结合在两种细胞类型上进行的测量，表明这种不稳定性在体内软基底上可以真实发生。
英文摘要：
The conditions under which biological cells switch from a static to a motile state are fundamental to the understanding of many healthy and pathological processes. In this paper, we show that even in the presence of a fully symmetric protrusive activity at the cell edges, such a spontaneous transition can result solely from the mechanical interaction of the cell traction forces with an elastic substrate. The loss of symmetry of the traction forces leading to the cell propulsion is rooted in the fact that the surface loading follows the substrate deformation. The bifurcation between the static and motile states is characterized analytically and, considering the measurements performed on two cell types, we show that such an instability can realistically occur on soft in vivo substrates.
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